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	2022-12-14: How Can Matter Be BOTH Liquid AND Gas? 09:28: To demonstrate the hybrid nature of this stuff, Nigel put some silica beads into the chamber. 12:52: But Nature knew about this state of matter long before we did.
	2022-12-08: How Are Quasiparticles Different From Particles? 00:25: ... because of quasi-particles - a class of strange emergent behaviors of nature that enable our most important technologies and are behind some of the ... 15:21: ... of 4K documentaries in genres as varied as science, history, true crime, nature and, of course, ...
	2022-11-16: Are there Undiscovered Elements Beyond The Periodic Table? 02:26: For seven decades chemists searched for element 43, but it was nowhere to be found in nature. 02:33: It was eventually discovered, but not in nature. 03:22: So why did we have to produce technetium artificially, when all the other elements can be found in nature? 03:28: Well, actually technetium is produced in nature - just like other heavy elements, in the core of massive stars. 05:01: ... of Carbon-14 is around 5700 years - although we do encounter it in nature because it’s created when cosmic rays hit nitrogen nuclei in the ... 12:28: ... Nature can make these, but unless that production process is ongoing on the ... 03:28: Well, actually technetium is produced in nature - just like other heavy elements, in the core of massive stars.
	2022-10-26: Why Did Quantum Entanglement Win the Nobel Prize in Physics? 00:00: ... in physics is typically awarded to scientists who make sense of nature; those whose discoveries render the  universe more ...
	2022-10-19: The Equation That Explains (Nearly) Everything! 01:02: ... the most important founding insights was the idea that the symmetries of nature give rise to the fundamental forces. Gauge invariance says that the laws ... 01:48: ... over the following decades to try to explain the other forces of nature in terms of gauge symmetries. And they succeeded. The weak interaction ... 02:21: ... can be distorted in different ways that have no effect on the laws of nature. It’s just not as straightforward to say exactly what is being distorted, ... 02:45: It’s a nice idea for all the forces of nature to arise from the same underlying mechanism. 03:07: ... of Least Action, which we’ve talked about in detail. It says that Nature will always try to follow the path that minimizes rate of change of a ... 05:37: ... It turns out that spin determines what might be the most fundamental nature of a particle - whether it represents matter or ... 09:45: ... are gonna interact with the fields that preserve the symmetries of nature. This is the piece that tells us that matter and forces interact. The ... 11:28: ... we will. But until then this process gives an equation that describes Nature very well. By the way, the h.c. stands for hermitian conjugate, which is ... 14:00: ... are other mysteries that this doesn’t explain. It doesn’t tell us how nature chooses different particle masses, or chooses coupling strengths like ...
	2022-09-28: Why Is 1/137 One of the Greatest Unsolved Problems In Physics? 11:03: Let’s start by thinking about the similarly prolific constants of nature - the ones that actually have units. 11:15: They tell us that the constants of nature represent relationships. 12:08: If the other constants of nature tie various physical parameters together, perhaps the fine structure constant is what ties those constants together. 12:17: ... about it this way - if the constants of nature were set randomly at the big bang, and were set independently to each ... 11:03: Let’s start by thinking about the similarly prolific constants of nature - the ones that actually have units. 11:15: They tell us that the constants of nature represent relationships. 12:08: If the other constants of nature tie various physical parameters together, perhaps the fine structure constant is what ties those constants together. 00:30: ... as the greek letter alpha, just looks like one of the many constants of nature  that power our laws of ... 09:36: You could try the various constants of nature  to demonstrate that you knew advanced physics.
	2022-08-24: What Makes The Strong Force Strong? 03:10: Well it turns out that nature also has its fashion police. 05:39: It’s possible to briefly create larger combinations in particle colliders, but not in nature. 16:30: But the comparison of your help to the strongest force in nature is clearly apt, so we thank you.
	2022-08-17: What If Dark Energy is a New Quantum Field? 09:13: ... can change, and with it the behavior of dark energy. This dynamical nature of quintessence is what makes it so powerful. For example, if the ...
	2022-08-03: What Happens Inside a Proton? 11:28: ... operation is called the Wick rotation and it eliminates the complex nature of the phase shifts.   If we also “pixelate” the time ... 14:08: ... fact that lattice QCD even works gives us deep insights into the nature of the quantum fields.   For one thing, because it doesn’t use ...
	2022-07-27: How Many States Of Matter Are There? 12:38: ... instant after the big bang to the behavior of crowds, and perhaps to the nature of the conscious ... 13:03: PBS Terra is the home of even more great science and nature shows from PBS Digital Studios.
	2022-07-20: What If We Live in a Superdeterministic Universe? 15:52: ... been chosen arbitrarily in order to break the underlying symmetries of nature. ...
	2022-06-30: Could We Decode Alien Physics? 02:25: ... based on a mistake. Made by this guy, Benjamin   Franklin. The nature of electricity was just  one among Franklin’s many scientific ... 11:52: ... of all three. The laws of physics and the behavior   of nature is unchanged under simultaneous inversion of charge, parity and ... 07:38: ... inversion. Parity is  another fundamental and broken symmetry of nature   like charge, and just as with charge symmetry, parity is related to ...
	2022-06-22: Is Interstellar Travel Impossible? 16:41: ... elementary, and so we don’t know if a quantum system’s wave-particle nature has a binary ... 17:20: ... black hole stuff. Robert Pruitt asks whether the fundamental forces of nature should recombine inside a black hole, given that they do so in the high ...
	2022-06-15: Can Wormholes Solve The Black Hole Information Paradox? 00:26: ... Efforts to resolve it have led to stunning  realizations about the nature of entropy,   quantum information, and even to  the ... 00:00: ... It turns out that in order to make  sense of their paradoxical nature,   we need to consider that each real black hole has the potential to be ...
	2022-06-01: What If Physics IS NOT Describing Reality? 00:00: ... “It is wrong to think that the  task of physics is to find out how Nature is.   Physics concerns what we can say about Nature.”  ... 00:25: ... for an electron to be able to do   its thing. Our laws of nature are just models. So  maybe the job of physics is one step removed - ... 00:00: ... “It is wrong to think that the  task of physics is to find out how Nature is.   Physics concerns what we can say about Nature.”  Well it turns out ... 00:25: ... and closest colleague, Werner  Heisenberg, put it well “The laws of nature which   we formulate mathematically in quantum theory deal  no longer with ... 00:00: ... out how Nature is.   Physics concerns what we can say about Nature.”  Well it turns out that if we pay attention to this   subtle ...
	2022-05-04: Space DOES NOT Expand Everywhere 11:22: ... to expand it or condense it infinitely without changing its fundamental nature. Empty space can be rescaled ...
	2022-04-27: How the Higgs Mechanism Give Things Mass 00:46: ... been building towards an understanding   of how the forces of nature are unified. The  most powerful clue driving this is the ... 01:21: This connection hints at a  unification of the forces of nature. 01:25: ... explains the mass of the weak bosons, but  teaches us about the nature of mass ... 03:09: ... one of the fundamental forces arises from  a symmetry of nature - in this case the fact   that the laws of physics are ... 16:02: ... ago verified the idea that the   underlying symmetries of nature explain and  unify some of the forces of nature. ... 03:09: ... one of the fundamental forces arises from  a symmetry of nature - in this case the fact   that the laws of physics are ... 16:02: ... ago verified the idea that the   underlying symmetries of nature explain and  unify some of the forces of nature. Perhaps   new ...
	2022-03-23: Where Is The Center of The Universe? 10:34: And that’s the nature of singularities - they are discontinuities in the math we use to describe the universe. 14:46: ... we asked whether electric charge really is a fundamental property of nature. ...
	2022-03-16: What If Charge is NOT Fundamental? 08:48: ... what we need - it's just that they were applied to the wrong force of nature. ... 08:59: ... it's by unraveling one of the forces of nature that we can explain electric charge - but it's not the strong force, ...
	2022-03-08: Is the Proxima System Our Best Hope For Another Earth? 18:09: Even including relativity and the shifting nature of space into time and vice versa, you still have a consistent if mutable underlying grid.
	2022-02-23: Are Cosmic Strings Cracks in the Universe? 12:19: ... discover truths   about the origins of the universe, or the nature  of quantum fields, or the validity of string   theory. Many ...
	2022-02-16: Is The Wave Function The Building Block of Reality? 03:24: ... The wave function may collapse, but particles maintain a rigid physical nature. ... 08:32: ... Roger Penrose, saw no need for some new fundamental force. They thought nature already gave us a perfectly good source of wave function collapse: ...
	2022-02-10: The Nature of Space and Time AMA 00:03: ... scope of this show space-time and so the topic for the day is the nature of space and the nature of time now i should start out by pointing ...
	2021-12-20: What Happens If A Black Hole Hits Earth? 13:02: ... could lead to figuring out the nature of dark matter and to understanding the crazy black-hole-spawning chaos ...
	2021-11-10: What If Our Understanding of Gravity Is Wrong? 09:45: The introduction of the new field fixed the problem with gravitational lensing and also tamed the awkward  causality-breaking nature of AQuaL. 10:17: But the main problem with TeVeS  is cosmological in nature. 14:21: ... titles from various filmmakers, with topics including History, Nature, Science, Food, Technology, Travel, and ...
	2021-11-02: Is ACTION The Most Fundamental Property in Physics? 00:02: ... In order to wrench the laws of physics from the reluctant clutches of nature, we need to watch for clues - patterns in its behavior that can reveal ... 01:15: It seemed as if we’d stumbled on a powerful guiding pattern in nature - minimizing principles. 03:33: ... important and useful quantity. Lagrange proposed that everything in Nature happens in such a way that Action is always minimized. And so was ... 04:29: ... finding the Euler-Lagrange equations, allowing both physics students and nature to minimize their action. The Principle of Least Action in combination ... 07:09: ... of Einstein’s relativity. And we also start to learn something about the nature of the Action. Once we apply the relativistic corrections, the Action ... 13:46: ... two thousand years ago. He found a very simple and beautiful pattern in nature, and this has been inspiring us ever since. Through Fermat and Lagrange ... 01:15: It seemed as if we’d stumbled on a powerful guiding pattern in nature - minimizing principles.
	2021-10-20: Will Constructor Theory REWRITE Physics? 01:58: ... have been trying to come up with dynamical laws that describe all of nature - a mechanistic theory of ... 03:38: ... realized that this notion could be used as a way to describe how nature works - we can break up reality in terms of constructors that can cause ... 04:36: But it also potentially allows us to understand aspects of nature where we don’t even know the dynamical laws. 08:07: For example Chiara Marletto has used constructor theory to describe a scenario for testing whether gravity is quantum in nature. 10:51: ... of quantum mechanics by stripping away all but the bare facts about the nature of electron  energy levels - including  abandoning any ... 01:58: ... have been trying to come up with dynamical laws that describe all of nature - a mechanistic theory of ... 03:38: ... realized that this notion could be used as a way to describe how nature works - we can break up reality in terms of constructors that can cause ...
	2021-10-13: New Results in Quantum Tunneling vs. The Speed of Light 03:26: Due to the blurred-out nature of the wavefunction, a small part of it leaks out through to the other side. 10:40: In 2020, a paper was published in the journal Nature that used the swiveling axis of a particle’s quantum spin as the clock hand.
	2021-10-05: Why Magnetic Monopoles SHOULD Exist 03:54: ... that if the math of our physical theory allows it, then it exists in nature. ...
	2021-09-21: How Electron Spin Makes Matter Possible 11:21: ... one way to do this that captures the anti-symmetric nature that we’re looking for. It looks like this: Which we can think of as the ...
	2021-09-07: First Detection of Light from Behind a Black Hole 00:56: ... thought it would be worth doing a space time journal club on the Nature paper by Wilkins, Gallo, Costantini, Brandt & Blandford so I get to ...
	2021-08-18: How Vacuum Decay Would Destroy The Universe 01:15: ... that expands at the speed of light, rewriting  the nature of the quantum fields as it ...
	2021-08-10: How to Communicate Across the Quantum Multiverse 08:08: ... partner - essentially instantaneously and over any distance. However the nature of this influence makes it impossible to send actual information this ...
	2021-07-07: Electrons DO NOT Spin 00:00: ... behavior of the electron led us to some of the deepest insights into the nature of the quantum ... 01:26: ... is and get a little closer to understanding what this weird property of nature. ... 14:32: ... be extracted. And yet von Neumann entropy has  a similar contextual nature. If your system has no entanglement with the environment then  its ...
	2021-06-23: How Quantum Entanglement Creates Entropy 01:45: ... the … well, second law of thermodynamics, so is also statistical in nature. Why, when are these   things considered so fundamental? To ... 13:44: ... - the smallest meaningful length, and what that tells us about the nature of space. Jason Burbank asks for a citation for my ... 00:27: ... increases holds, I think, the supreme  position among the laws of Nature...   if your theory is found to be against the Second Law of ...
	2021-06-16: Can Space Be Infinitely Divided? 01:16: ... in quantum mechanics - it’s a fundamental constant of nature that defines the scale of the ... 10:55: ... know how well this picture represents space on this scale. The nature of   space is defined by Einstein’s general ...
	2021-05-19: Breaking The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 00:57: But neither engineers nor the physicists are content to let mere fundamental laws of nature stand in their way. 01:13: ... principle tells us that there exists a fundamental unknowability to nature - an absolute limit to how precisely we can measure the ... 03:45: A quantum object can project its nature up to our classical world in one way or another, but not both. 01:13: ... principle tells us that there exists a fundamental unknowability to nature - an absolute limit to how precisely we can measure the ... 00:57: But neither engineers nor the physicists are content to let mere fundamental laws of nature stand in their way.
	2021-05-11: How To Know If It's Aliens 14:48: ... relativity, and we know for sure that GR is not our final theory of nature because it doesn’t perfectly gel with quantum mechanics. So maybe a ...
	2021-04-07: Why the Muon g-2 Results Are So Exciting! 00:29: (bright music) The Standard Model of particle physics describes the elementary building blocks of nature with incredible success.
	2021-03-23: Zeno's Paradox & The Quantum Zeno Effect 13:04: ... hole entropy and learn what cutting-edge science has to say about the nature of ...
	2021-03-16: The NEW Crisis in Cosmology 03:55: ... rate - both to confirm dark energy’s existence and to learn of its nature. And this   is where our story splits. There are, ... 05:52: ... possible explanation for the difference is that the nature of dark energy has   changed over time. The Planck team’s ...
	2021-02-17: Gravitational Wave Background Discovered? 00:00: ... need a gravitational wave observatory spanning the galaxy unfortunately nature has provided us with just such a network a system of boys scattered ...
	2021-01-12: What Happens During a Quantum Jump? 03:54: ... of the human mind” that nevertheless were not true descriptions of nature. ... 04:16: The debate over quantum jumps was just one part of the larger discussion about the quantum nature of reality. 04:27: The most famous quote on the not-Copenhagen side was from Albert Einstein - “God does not play dice with nature”.
	2020-12-08: Why Do You Remember The Past But Not The Future? 13:18: Ryan Christopherson asks whether the random nature of quantum mechanics isn’t a larger hurdle to the reversibility of time than entropy.
	2020-11-18: The Arrow of Time and How to Reverse It 12:35: ... generate an illusion of understanding. They’ are very static entities by nature of being a handful of syllables - but are meant to represent a whole ...
	2020-11-11: Can Free Will be Saved in a Deterministic Universe? 00:57: ... and velocities of all particles, and perfect knowledge of the laws of nature could calculate perfectly all future states of the ... 01:14: ... you've already accepted that matter follows the cold inviolable laws of nature, then your mind, every single thought, choice, decision, is the ...
	2020-11-04: Electroweak Theory and the Origin of the Fundamental Forces 00:08: But some extremely subtle clues in nature have led us to believe that the forces of nature were once unified, ruled by a single, grand symmetry. 00:20: And how do the forces of nature arise from mathematical symmetries in the first place? 03:33: ... new ‘weak bosons’, W bosons, had to have mass due to the short range nature of the interaction, quite a lot of mass it in ... 03:48: ... short range nature of forces with massive force carriers is usually attributed to the ... 12:33: We just asked what would happen if the equations of motion governing nature had certain symmetries. 12:39: The very existence of those symmetries requires a family of fields and particles that we now observe in nature.
	2020-10-13: Do the Past and Future Exist? 00:22: ... we’re starting a deep dive into the nature of time - and down that rabbit hole we’ll encounter the physical origin ...
	2020-10-05: Venus May Have Life! 12:49: ... you should check out Overview, on PBS Digital Studios' science and nature channel ...
	2020-09-21: Could Life Evolve Inside Stars? 11:06: ... channel where space and physics geeks from around the world ponder the nature of ...
	2020-09-08: The Truth About Beauty in Physics 03:48: ... or perfect than others - in their case circular orbits - and so surely nature must preferentially choose these for its ... 10:01: ... simple, elegant way to unify Einsteinian gravity with the other force of nature known at the time - ...
	2020-08-24: Can Future Colliders Break the Standard Model? 07:07: ... energies even closer to the instant of the Big Bang, when the forces of nature were literally unified, as we’ve talked about ...
	2020-08-10: Theory of Everything Controversies: Livestream 00:00: ... is the real one so we know that uh this this just cannot be how nature works right nature doesn't doesn't have any consistency there has to ...
	2020-07-28: What is a Theory of Everything: Livestream 00:00: ... the kurdish shapley debate which is concern which concern what is the nature of the universe on its largest scales and so today we now know that ...
	2020-07-20: The Boundary Between Black Holes & Neutron Stars 11:08: Each will be rich in information on the nature of stars, and gravity, and strange quantum states of matter. 12:18: ... to the black hole, and also about experiments at CERN to study the nature of ... 12:46: That’s right - and that means we shouldn’t expect highly charaged balck holes in nature.
	2020-07-08: Does Antimatter Explain Why There's Something Rather Than Nothing? 05:43: ... for example, positrons - or anti-electrons - are created all the time in nature - for example in the Sun, or in radioactive decay, or when cosmic rays ... 11:51: ... that’s cool and amazing in itself. We now understand the symmeties of nature to much greater precision - which means we have a better idea of where ... 05:43: ... for example, positrons - or anti-electrons - are created all the time in nature - for example in the Sun, or in radioactive decay, or when cosmic rays hit ...
	2020-06-22: Building Black Holes in a Lab 12:34: ... us the next great insight into black holes, Hawking radiation, and the nature of the underlying, you guessed it, ...
	2020-06-15: What Happens After the Universe Ends? 08:57: ... the way, a change in the nature of the Higgs field - if it decayed to a lower energy - could eliminate ...
	2020-05-27: Does Gravity Require Extra Dimensions? 00:08: The fundamental nature of gravity still eludes our best minds - but those secrets may be revealed by turning back to the Cavendish experiment. 09:47: ... of making high-precision measurements to learn about the fundamental nature of the ...
	2020-05-04: How We Know The Universe is Ancient 01:35: ... the beginning of the 20th century, astronomers were arguing about the nature of these faint, fuzzy patches of light on the sky known as spiral ...
	2020-04-28: Space Time Livestream: Ask Matt Anything 00:00: ... because it really I think reveals how it is that the forces of nature our notion of of what a force is emerges from the simple concept of ...
	2020-04-22: Will Wormholes Allow Fast Interstellar Travel? 07:52: ... the fabric of spacetime, and any topology. The only limitation is the nature of the matter and energy that spacetime contains. In fact by defining ... 13:26: ... not to distant parts of spacetime, but to deeper understanding of its nature. Which we will of course discuss in an upcoming episode of space ...
	2020-04-14: Was the Milky Way a Quasar? 10:51: ... a result published last year in Nature, a team of astronomers using South Africa’s MeerKAT telescope array ...
	2020-03-16: How Do Quantum States Manifest In The Classical World? 07:15: ... passes close to the atom, the atom flips between two states. The nature of those two states doesn’t matter as long as it doesn’t change the spin ...
	2020-02-24: How Decoherence Splits The Quantum Multiverse 11:07: ... and less knowable the further the wavefunction advances, and the chaotic nature of the system also ensures that the phase offset changes between one ...
	2020-02-11: Are Axions Dark Matter? 00:03: ... does the strong nuclear force, the fundamental symmetries of nature, and a laundry detergent have in common? Well, they’re all important ... 08:58: ... why not let nature do at least half of the heavy lifting? Well that's precisely what the ... 11:08: ... most vexing problems in modern physics - the strong CP problem AND the nature of dark matter. Not bad for one of the tiniest and most elusive ...
	2020-02-03: Are there Infinite Versions of You? 07:19: The constants of nature or the energy of the vacuum may well be different between regions.
	2020-01-27: Hacking the Nature of Reality 10:41: Quantum field theories like QCD surely gives us insights into the nature of the fundamental workings of the universe. 12:27: ... have performed what they call a cosmological bootstrap to understand the nature of those early subatomic scale interactions based only on current ...
	2020-01-20: Solving the Three Body Problem 10:05: ... the Euler and Lagrange solutions, none of these are likely to occur in nature. ... 10:19: ... the three-body problem has appeared, which transforms the chaotic nature of three-body interactions into a useful tool, rather than a ... 10:30: ... Stone and Nathan Leigh published this in Nature in December 2019. The thing about chaotic motion is that the state of ...
	2020-01-06: How To Detect a Neutrino 00:23: ... may hold powerful secrets, ♪ ♪ from the unification of the forces of nature, ♪ (𝘣𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘴 𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘬 𝘥𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘺𝘯𝘵𝘩) ♪ to the biggest question of all: ♪ (𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘬 ... 01:57: ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ Neutrinos are among the most elusive elementary particles of nature, ♪ ♪ only interacting by the weak nuclear force and gravity. 02:16: ... ♪ (𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘳𝘩𝘺𝘵𝘩𝘮𝘪𝘤 𝘨𝘶𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘳 𝘱𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨) ♪ MATT: The weakly interacting nature of the neutrino makes them insanely difficult to detect, ♪ ♪ and we'll ...
	2019-12-17: Do Black Holes Create New Universes? 01:29: There’s another example in nature where the illusion of design has a perfectly natural explanation - and that’s life itself. 05:14: ... exponential nature of the proposed process means that the ensemble of all universes should ... 11:38: ... explanation for fine tuning, and one that parallels a known process in nature - biological evolution by natural ... 12:08: ... space of all possible realities - where somewhere is hidden the true nature of our ... 11:38: ... explanation for fine tuning, and one that parallels a known process in nature - biological evolution by natural ...
	2019-12-09: The Doomsday Argument 13:11: ... and curious individuals are discussing the future of humanity, the nature of space and time, the weirdness of quantum mechanics - you name ...
	2019-12-02: Is The Universe Finite? 01:02: ... on Space Time Journal Club we’ll delve into the Nature Astronomy paper that just reported this: Planck evidence for a closed ... 04:46: ... - flat - but there’s always a degree of uncertainty due to the imperfect nature of any ... 10:59: ... the behavior of dark energy is changing - and that could reveal the true nature of dark ... 12:01: ... identifying any errors, perhaps discovering the nature of dark energy, and perhaps verifying the positively curved, finite ... 15:04: ... that our universe be able to produce observers who think about the nature of the ... 15:25: It encourages us to sit inside and think about the nature of the reality. 01:02: ... on Space Time Journal Club we’ll delve into the Nature Astronomy paper that just reported this: Planck evidence for a closed Universe and ...
	2019-11-18: Can You Observe a Typical Universe? 05:00: The principle is NOT causal - it just tells us to account for an observer selection bias when interpreting the nature of our environment. 14:08: ... week we talked about how the constants of nature seem to be fine tuned for life in our universe - and how this may imply ... 15:09: Much of the parameter space that the constants of nature could have taken eliminate one or more of these factors. 16:57: ... may be telling us something about how the constants of nature get set - it may be improbable to get those constants fine-tuned for ... 17:41: ... for a physics problem: iterate through the settings of the constants of nature and figure out the map of possible setting that support self-propagating ...
	2019-11-11: Does Life Need a Multiverse to Exist? 01:02: ... there are something like 20 independent fundamental constants of nature. ... 01:24: Or perhaps they’re connected and controlled by some master dial or dials - whose nature awaits discovery in the long-sought theory of everything. 04:48: One of the first clues to the fine-tuned nature of this universe was noticed by astrophysicist Fred Hoyle in the early 80s. 12:04: ... exponentially expanding spacetime, and in each bubble the constants of nature - and especially the vacuum energy - taking on different ... 01:24: Or perhaps they’re connected and controlled by some master dial or dials - whose nature awaits discovery in the long-sought theory of everything.
	2019-10-15: Loop Quantum Gravity Explained 13:31: But the mathematics have yielded intriguing clues to the nature of the fabric of the universe – and that nature is very weird.
	2019-10-07: Black Hole Harmonics 00:14: And the rich harmonics of those vibrations, seen through gravitational waves, could hold the secrets to the nature of the fabric of spacetime itself. 09:24: ... looked at the ringdown, so this tells us that all information on the nature of the final black hole properties is embedded in those final ... 10:08: ... charge, so mass and spin should define everything – including the nature of the oscillations during ... 12:59: ... ringing black holes, and through them better understand the fundamental nature of extreme ...
	2019-09-30: How Many Universes Are There? 02:46: But we can figure some stuff out just based on the exponential nature of the expansion. 05:01: The exponential nature of the expansion guarantees that. 14:09: Got burning question about the nature of reality? 16:16: ... doesn't necessarily reflect a fundamental difference in the physical nature and formation process of the ...
	2019-09-23: Is Pluto a Planet? 12:52: Taxonomy is, by nature, a somewhat arbitrary art. 13:41: The language we use to describe the universe becomes more precise as we learn more about its nature. 14:01: First up, we're launching a Space Time discord - It'll be the perfect place to ponder and discuss the fundamental nature of the universe, 24/7.
	2019-09-16: Could We Terraform Mars? 04:23: ... a nice Nature Astronomy article last year, planetary scientists Bruce Jakosky and ...
	2019-08-19: What Happened Before the Big Bang? 04:02: The random nature of this version of inflaton decay means that many such bubbles should form, ie. multiple universes exist. 09:40: The exponential nature of the process will take over and the speck becomes infinite universes.
	2019-08-12: Exploring Arecibo in VR 180 00:13: ... the vast solar system did it learn mastery over matter and the forces of nature and built cities and spaceships? and this thing, it's the tip of an ...
	2019-08-06: What Caused the Big Bang? 07:59: ... constant very high energy density, inflation takes hold; the exponential nature of inflation quickly blows up the volume of the universe, rendering it, ... 12:12: ... other physicists to find even better solutions, mostly by changing the nature of the in flattened field so that allows a smooth exit from inflation ...
	2019-06-17: How Black Holes Kill Galaxies 02:54: ... Based on our understanding of Physics of the Universe especially the nature of Dark Matter and Dark Energy we expect 'Bottom up Galaxy formation' ...
	2019-06-06: The Alchemy of Neutron Star Collisions 02:47: ... a neutron star collision the story is looking better and better a recent nature paper by marker and Bartos has clarified the origin of Earth's heavy ...
	2019-04-24: No Dark Matter = Proof of Dark Matter? 00:03: ... how a galaxy can form without dark matter we can learn more about the nature of dark matter itself which be nice I mean it only makes up 80% of all ...
	2019-04-03: The Edge of an Infinite Universe 12:14: It’s the nature of the infinite boundary.
	2019-03-28: Could the Universe End by Tearing Apart Every Atom? 10:45: Our efforts to understand the nature of dark energy are focused on measuring the value of this 'equation of state parameter thing'.
	2019-03-20: Is Dark Energy Getting Stronger? 00:29: Subtle clues are emerging that the accepted model for the nature of dark energy and dark matter may not be all that. 00:45: ... looking at a new paper in Nature Astronomy, “Cosmological constraints from the Hubble diagram of quasars ...
	2019-03-13: Will You Travel to Space? 14:54: In short, nature will always find a way to ruin our free lunch.
	2019-02-20: Secrets of the Cosmic Microwave Background 00:08: ... the mysteries of the cosmic microwave background We've delved into its nature before from its formation 38,000 years after the Big Bang to its 1964 ...
	2019-02-07: Sound Waves from the Beginning of Time 00:22: These are the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and they may hold the key to understanding the nature of dark energy.
	2019-01-30: Perpetual Motion From Negative Mass? 10:18: In this case, the basic nature of the positive versus negative gravitational fields – the way the fabric of spacetime gets stretched has to be right.
	2019-01-24: The Crisis in Cosmology 15:08: Okay, let's move on to our episode on the ultimate symmetry of nature,...
	2019-01-16: Our Antimatter, Mirrored, Time-Reversed Universe 10:54: ... last 70 years have been a true roller coaster ride for the symmetries of nature as experiments found broken symmetries one, by one the first parity then ...
	2018-12-20: Why String Theory is Wrong 10:51: ... to Witten is to be decided when the full nature of the theory is understood. We'll come back to M-theory in real detail, ... 16:28: ... acids but those are in equal abundance to left-handed amino acids in nature so why only right-handed DNA and it's likely because the first are in a ...
	2018-12-06: Did Life on Earth Come from Space? 00:37: ... although it's more likely to take years or centuries given the random nature of the journey those timescales are totally reasonable for the more ...
	2018-11-21: 'Oumuamua Is Not Aliens 03:04: This non-gravitational acceleration was reported in a nature paper in June.
	2018-11-14: Supersymmetric Particle Found? 11:51: And if these mysterious events from below keep arriving, you can be sure that physicists will find an ingenious way to confirm their nature. 12:00: Perhaps we will verify the existence of the stau and with it confirm the supersymmetric nature of space time.
	2018-10-31: Are Virtual Particles A New Layer of Reality? 01:15: That math hack turned out to represent the very real quantum nature of the photon. 01:47: Now, we're going to go pretty deep in this one, but it will bring us closer to a better understanding of the quantum nature of reality. 12:18: ... in the case of Max Planck discovery of the quantum nature of photons, it turned out that a mathematical artifact represented new ... 12:31: ... was no way to express his Planck law without an artifact of that quantum nature-- namely, the Planck ...
	2018-10-18: What are the Strings in String Theory? 13:17: And you can decide for yourself whether you accept the fundamental stringy nature of space time.
	2018-10-10: Computing a Universe Simulation 11:57: And these insights may also lead to real paradigm shifts, perhaps ultimately revealing the fundamentally informational nature of space time.
	2018-10-03: How to Detect Extra Dimensions 02:26: ... a lot, from the difference between gravity and the other forces of nature to the nature of dark ... 05:15: Many would like to find a "theory of everything" which merges the forces of nature into the same über force.
	2018-09-20: Quantum Gravity and the Hardest Problem in Physics 08:01: Given that sensible underlying structure, it's relatively routine to apply quantum principles, or quantize, most of the forces of nature.
	2018-09-05: The Black Hole Entropy Enigma 07:02: Bekenstein saw a close correspondence between the always-increasing event-horizon surface area and the always-increasing nature of entropy. 11:34: It might also be true, and obviously we'll be back before too long to talk about string theory and the holographic nature of spacetime.
	2018-08-30: Is There Life on Mars? 03:00: Astronomer Giacomo Maraldi quickly followed Huygens and in the early-18th century discovered ice caps on both poles, correctly inferring their nature.
	2018-08-15: Quantum Theory's Most Incredible Prediction 03:32: As we'll see, their nature is predicted by quantum theory, measure electromagnetic moments, and you verify your quantum picture of reality. 06:19: It doesn't consider the quantum nature of the field.
	2018-07-25: Reversing Entropy with Maxwell's Demon 11:30: ... an upcoming episode of "Space Time." Last time, we delved into the true nature of entropy and the cause of the second law of ...
	2018-07-18: The Misunderstood Nature of Entropy 00:47: It's statistical in nature, and yet, may ultimately be more fundamental and unavoidable than any other law in physics.
	2018-07-11: Quantum Invariance & The Origin of The Standard Model 10:29: ... the greatest mystery here is not the nature of the quantum field nor the connection between symmetry and the ... 11:02: We should be amazed that we can learn that language and through it, comprehend the underlying nature of space time.
	2018-07-04: Will A New Neutrino Change The Standard Model? 07:21: Rare interactions with nuclei in the oil reveal the nature of the neutrinos.
	2018-06-20: The Black Hole Information Paradox 01:13: And the quest for its solution may have completely overturned our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe. 03:25: ... the mass of the black hole should be the only thing that determines the nature of the ... 11:22: ... holes must leak very slightly has led to radical new ideas about the nature of information and entropy, exploded the field of string theory, and ...
	2018-06-13: What Survives Inside A Black Hole? 02:44: Given the one-way nature of the event horizon, the loss of this information makes some intuitive sense. 12:54: Peter K. asks how the universe can be deterministic given the fundamental probabilistic random nature of the quantum world.
	2018-05-23: Why Quantum Information is Never Destroyed 11:03: Noether's theorem predicts the conservation laws of physics from the symmetries of nature.
	2018-05-16: Noether's Theorem and The Symmetries of Reality 00:46: They emerge from the fundamental symmetries of nature. 04:43: If the very nature of space can change over time, then continuous time symmetry is broken. 07:22: ... general nature of the theorem means we can apply it to not just the symmetries in the ... 07:36: Noether's theorem tells us that there should be a corresponding symmetry of nature, and there is.
	2018-05-09: How Gaia Changed Astronomy Forever 07:25: The nature of sub halos, and other details of dark matter's distribution, could help us figure out what dark matter really is.
	2018-04-25: Black Hole Swarms 01:07: ... episode of Space Time Journal Club, we're going to delve into the recent nature paper, Hailey, et al 2018, titled, "A Density Cusp of Quiesce X-ray ... 08:51: ... brought to you by the man who has come closest to understanding the true nature of black ... 01:07: ... episode of Space Time Journal Club, we're going to delve into the recent nature paper, Hailey, et al 2018, titled, "A Density Cusp of Quiesce X-ray Binaries in ...
	2018-04-11: The Physics of Life (ft. It's Okay to be Smart & PBS Eons!) 00:40: So can we approach the question of the origin and the very nature of life from the point of view of physics?
	2018-04-04: The Unruh Effect 00:44: They were independently studying how the nature of quantum fields appears to change depending on whether or not an observer is accelerating.
	2018-03-28: The Andromeda-Milky Way Collision 01:52: The distance and fundamental nature of "the Great Andromeda Nebula" was the subject of long debate, beginning with a Immanuel Kant. 02:17: The galactic nature of Andromeda will be clear to the naked eye. 02:21: That galactic nature is also clear when we train modern telescopes on that faint smudge.
	2018-03-21: Scientists Have Detected the First Stars 00:34: In a nature paper published just a few weeks ago, Judd Bowman and collaborators, report a signal from the very first stars to form in our universe. 00:43: The same result also hints at brand new physics that may help us explain the nature of dark matter. 00:34: In a nature paper published just a few weeks ago, Judd Bowman and collaborators, report a signal from the very first stars to form in our universe.
	2018-03-15: Hawking Radiation 01:15: ... 1974 when a young physicist named Stephen Hawking published a paper in "Nature" entitled black hole ... 02:40: ... into the quantum field theory of curved space time to glimpse the true nature of Hawking ... 05:54: ... in two regions of flat space far from the black hole, regions where the nature of vacuums, quantum fields, and particles are perfectly well ... 07:14: The nature of the lost modes tells us what Hawking radiation should look like. 01:15: ... 1974 when a young physicist named Stephen Hawking published a paper in "Nature" entitled black hole ...
	2018-02-28: The Trebuchet Challenge 02:53: This fact gives us insight into the fundamental symmetries of nature.
	2018-02-14: What is Energy? 09:53: Energy is conserved if the physics of a system, for example, the nature of a force field, stays the same over time.
	2018-01-24: The End of the Habitable Zone 10:49: Last week we talked about how slicing a piece out of space time caused different observers to disagree on the nature of the vacuum. 11:00: Existenceisillusion asked about the nature of the thermal particles produced in horizon radiation.
	2018-01-17: Horizon Radiation 01:45: As it turns out, what gives is the nature of the vacuum, and in fact, the notion of what a particle is becomes observer dependent. 03:26: That means everyone has to agree on the fundamental nature of the quantum fields that describe these particles and the way they interact. 03:44: ... reference frames in a way that leaves the laws of physics and the nature of the vacuum ... 03:55: ... to preserve the laws of physics, they find they have to redefine the nature of the vacuum, ...
	2018-01-10: What Do Stars Sound Like? 05:35: See, the nature of these modes depends on the internal structure, specifically on how the speed of sound changes throughout the star.
	2017-12-06: Understanding the Uncertainty Principle with Quantum Fourier Series 09:59: The fact that both can't be known simultaneously with perfect precision is a property of the nature of the wave function itself.
	2017-11-22: Suicide Space Robots 14:35: There's a certain way that the universe is-- an actual objective reality that is a true nature that science is trying to find out. 14:50: In our quest to find the true nature of reality, we must explore a lot of the ways that the universe isn't in order to rule them out. 15:07: Now sometimes the path to truth is extremely surprising, like the invariance of the speed of light the quantum nature of subatomic world.
	2017-11-02: The Vacuum Catastrophe 09:04: In the meantime, the conundrum continues to perplex physicists and will do so until we reach a deeper understanding of the true nature of spacetime.
	2017-10-25: The Missing Mass Mystery 11:02: Last week, we talked about virtual particles, zero point energies and the nature of nothing.
	2017-10-19: The Nature of Nothing 00:53: In our last episode, we talked about the nature of absolute cold. 01:50: The answer will bring us closer to understanding the nature of space itself. 01:55: Our modern understanding of the quantum nature of space is described by quantum field theory.
	2017-10-11: Absolute Cold 01:17: Understanding the limit to cold will lead us to an understanding of the nature of the quantum vacuum itself. 02:15: This quantum nature is revealed when we look at the spectrum of light produced as those particles hop between energy levels. 02:27: It's mathematical form was our first hint at the quantum nature of the subatomic world. 06:56: We'll need another episode to explore the quantum nature of nothing as we peer deeper into the coldest, darkest, and emptiest patches of Space Time.
	2017-10-04: When Quasars Collide STJC 01:12: ... this paper was just published in "Nature Astronomy" by Preeti Kharb and Dharam Vir Lal from India's National ... 10:52: Last week, we talked about the intriguing possibility that the fundamental constants of nature are changing. 01:12: ... this paper was just published in "Nature Astronomy" by Preeti Kharb and Dharam Vir Lal from India's National Center for ...
	2017-09-28: Are the Fundamental Constants Changing? 01:00: ... the mass of the electron and the relative strengths of the forces of nature. ... 11:45: ... Professor Lincoln even discusses our ideas about why the constants of nature take on the values they ...
	2017-09-20: The Future of Space Telescopes 02:12: The wave nature of light causes it to bend or diffract around the edges of a coronagraph back towards the central optical axis.
	2017-08-24: First Detection of Life 01:09: The data and conclusions from these experiments were published in Nature in 1993. 04:05: Yep, Carl Sagan published a nature paper about how to detect alien cow farts.
	2017-08-10: The One-Electron Universe 09:13: ... that we completely understand the fundamental nature of anti-matter, let's go back and look at the solution to the Feynman ...
	2017-07-26: The Secrets of Feynman Diagrams 00:13: This incredible simplicity provides some stunning insights into the nature of reality.
	2017-06-28: The First Quantum Field Theory 04:51: Quantum physics may have started with Planck's discovery of the quantum nature of light.
	2017-06-21: Anti-Matter and Quantum Relativity 00:08: Over the past quarter century, the greatest geniuses of the modern era discovered the two keys to the fundamental nature of reality. 00:56: And Louis de Broglie had shown that all matter has this dual wave-particle nature. 01:01: Bohr, Heisenberg, Born, Pauli, and others pieced together a mathematical description for the weird nature of subatomic particles.
	2017-05-03: Are We Living in an Ancestor Simulation? ft. Neil deGrasse Tyson 15:30: But pressure is statistical in nature.
	2017-04-26: Are You a Boltzmann Brain? 08:33: ... delusion and, in doing so, admitting our incapacity to deduce our nature. ...
	2017-04-19: The Oh My God Particle 04:02: ... and trajectories of the debris, the collision that produced them and the nature of the original cosmic ray can be ...
	2017-03-15: Time Crystals! 10:07: ... Nature of Matter by Professor David Ball may not cover time crystals, but it ...
	2017-03-08: The Race to a Habitable Exoplanet - Time Warp Challenge 00:58: We talked about how the constant or invariant nature of the speed of light governs that transformation.
	2017-03-01: The Treasures of Trappist-1 00:19: ... discovered by Dr. Michael Gillon and team and reported in the journal, "Nature." The discovery of three planets in the system was made in 2015, with the ...
	2017-02-15: Telescopes of Tomorrow 03:03: Using infrared light is a double-edged sword, because light has a dual nature.
	2017-01-25: Why Quasars are so Awesome 10:35: ... of Modern Physics-- Time builds up to some excellent lectures on the nature of time in relativity, and its behavior around black ...
	2017-01-19: The Phantom Singularity 03:47: Guys, you should check out Kelsey's show "infinite Series," where she goes into much more depth on the nature of singularities. 14:52: ... unaccounted factor that is totally within our current understanding of nature. ...
	2016-12-21: Have They Seen Us? 13:18: A couple of weeks ago, we looked back into black holes and studied the nature of the event horizon.
	2016-12-08: What Happens at the Event Horizon? 00:16: But there is a powerful tool in physics that can give us real intuition into the true nature of the event horizon. 02:08: It's a special type of space-time diagram designed to clarify the nature of horizons.
	2016-11-30: Pilot Wave Theory and Quantum Realism 00:19: And despite its alluringly intuitive nature, for some reason it remains a fringe theory. 01:13: The weird results of quantum experiments seem to demand weird explanations of the nature of reality. 02:59: This required an almost mystical duality between the wave and particle-like nature of matter.
	2016-11-16: Strange Stars 03:35: We don't know nearly as much as we'd like about the nature of neutronium. 04:33: We can study its nature based on the particles that decay from it. 06:39: At less than a billionth of a second after the Big Bang, the fundamental forces of nature were not as we know them today. 04:33: We can study its nature based on the particles that decay from it.
	2016-11-09: Did Dark Energy Just Disappear? 02:26: ... Acceleration from Type IA Supernovae." It appeared in the prestigious Nature journal, and that helped it get a lot of ... 12:44: So Keivan Stassun's course, "The Life and Death of Stars," gave me some great insights into the nature of the weird corpses left after stars die. 02:26: ... Acceleration from Type IA Supernovae." It appeared in the prestigious Nature journal, and that helped it get a lot of ...
	2016-10-19: The First Humans on Mars 08:02: ... are a variety of topics like science, nature, history, and many others, plus interviews, lectures, and original ...
	2016-10-12: Black Holes from the Dawn of Time 10:31: I found some amazing insights into the nature of black holes in Benjamin Schumacher of course Understanding Gravity.
	2016-09-29: Life on Europa? 09:31: ... of quantum entanglement and the implications its results have for the nature of ...
	2016-09-14: Self-Replicating Robots and Galactic Domination 00:53: And Nature rules the sky. 06:34: But the exponential nature of the process means that the entire galaxy would be covered in these things in that amount of time. 00:53: And Nature rules the sky.
	2016-09-07: Is There a Fifth Fundamental Force? + Quantum Eraser Answer 00:00: ... plastering the internet with headlines, like "Fifth Fundamental Force of Nature Discovered." What was that all ...
	2016-08-10: How the Quantum Eraser Rewrites the Past 00:25: They imply some startling things about the nature of reality. 00:30: ... version of this experiment, whose results force us to reconsider the nature of causality ...
	2016-08-03: Can We Survive the Destruction of the Earth? ft. Neal Stephenson 03:16: In "Seveneves," the nature of the disaster is such that the human race gets a couple of years during which to prepare for what is going to come. 11:02: Well, Einstein would say they can't-- God, dice, nature, et cetera.
	2016-07-27: The Quantum Experiment that Broke Reality 00:22: In fact, it hints that the fundamental nature of reality may not be physical at all, at least in any sense that we're familiar with. 07:59: The Copenhagen interpretation says that the wave function doesn't have a physical nature.
	2016-06-08: New Fundamental Particle Discovered?? + Challenge Winners! 00:40: If this is real, it may break open entirely new pathways to the research of the fundamentals of nature.
	2016-05-18: Anti-gravity and the True Nature of Dark Energy 00:02: The true nature of dark energy confounds even the world's smartest astrophysicists.
	2016-04-27: What Does Dark Energy Really Do? 07:28: But we also see that the constant nature of this term means that the larger the universe, the more of this stuff there is.
	2016-04-13: Will the Universe Expand Forever? 00:46: ... of the forces governing the fate of our universe, and especially the nature of dark energy, we're going to have to go pretty ... 09:08: ... in this universe, and what these equations can tell us about its true nature. ...
	2016-03-02: What’s Wrong With the Big Bang Theory? 01:32: Well, before 10 to the minus 32 seconds, it was too hot for the fundamental forces of nature as we know them to exist.
	2016-02-24: Why the Big Bang Definitely Happened 11:58: ... as these observations grant us stunning insights into the fundamental nature of space ...
	2016-01-27: The Origin of Matter and Time 09:04: And what is the nature of these most elementary causal interactions?
	2016-01-13: When Time Breaks Down 00:09: ... even deeper and explore the connection between matter, motion, and the nature of ... 07:55: In the last episode, we talked about the true nature of matter and mass.
	2016-01-06: The True Nature of Matter and Mass 00:49: So today, we're going to look at the true nature of matter and mass a little more closely.
	2015-12-09: How to Build a Black Hole 00:13: [MUSIC PLAYING] In a previous episode, we discussed the true nature of black holes.
	2015-11-25: 100 Years of Relativity + Challenge Winners! 01:24: On December 9, we'll delve deeper than ever into the weirdness of black holes, after which we'll start exploring the nature of matter and time.
	2015-11-05: Why Haven't We Found Alien Life? 04:40: ... nature has provided us with a perfect time capsule for studying the very early ...
	2015-10-28: Is The Alcubierre Warp Drive Possible? 08:32: Quantum mechanics began as an abstract musing on the nature of reality.
	2015-10-22: Have Gravitational Waves Been Discovered?!? 08:45: It made some Twitter noise, and "Nature" picked it up.
	2015-10-15: 5 REAL Possibilities for Interstellar Travel 11:24: ... becomes more interesting to ask why other fundamental constants of nature have the values that they do compared to the speed of ...
	2015-10-07: The Speed of Light is NOT About Light 02:26: The first clues to the bizarre quantum nature of reality had emerged. 05:39: This transformation is so profound that it is inevitable based on a few simple statements about the nature of space and time.
	2015-05-27: Habitable Exoplanets Debunked! 10:09: ... the definition of the SI kilogram in terms of fundamental constants of nature, like Planck's constant and the speed of ...
	2015-04-22: Are Space and Time An Illusion? 00:00: [INTRO MUSIC] Today's episode is about space, time, and the nature of reality. 01:43: For today, we'll just take them at face value and focus on what they imply about the nature of reality.
	2015-04-01: Is the Moon in Majora’s Mask a Black Hole? 04:57: The only solid macroscopic objects in nature that are that dense are neutron stars.

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