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2022-12-14: How Can Matter Be BOTH Liquid AND Gas?

  • 13:59: ... and ice, in the case of Jupter and Saturn surrounded by solid metallic hydrogen, and then a thick layer of supercritical fluid - mostly ...

2022-09-28: Why Is 1/137 One of the Greatest Unsolved Problems In Physics?

  • 01:55: For example this is the spectrum of Hydrogen.
  • 01:58: Hydrogen atoms only emit light with these specific energies.
  • 02:04: ... of its first great successes, first with  the Bohr model explaining hydrogen lines, then the Schrodinger equation for heavier ...
  • 04:17: And the orbital speed of an electron in the ground state of the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom is 137 slower than the speed of light.

2022-08-24: What Makes The Strong Force Strong?

  • 08:49: Let's say we have a proton and an electron, their electric charges attract and they form a neutral hydrogen atom.

2022-07-27: How Many States Of Matter Are There?

  • 05:16: Even in a hydrogen plasma, the lone protons are bundles of quarks.
  • 11:05: So, galaxies are fluids of stars which themselves are made of plasmas of hydrogen made of frozen nuggets of quark matter.

2022-07-20: What If We Live in a Superdeterministic Universe?

  • 17:13: If the aliens simply describe the hydrogen atom and we saw that its electron had positive charge, we’d be set.

2022-06-22: Is Interstellar Travel Impossible?

  • 06:08: ... gas is around 90% hydrogen, and most of the rest is helium with traces of heavier elements The ...
  • 08:59: They figure that the light hydrogen and helium don’t do lasting damage - they just deposit heat.
  • 11:06: While the ship’s hull will stop heavier elements in less than a millimeter, the hydrogen atoms can penetrate an order of magnitude deeper.

2022-06-01: What If Physics IS NOT Describing Reality?

  • 15:25: ... the mass and also rejuvenates the   star because more hydrogen fuel gets pumped into  the fusion core. It’s believed that the ...

2022-05-25: The Evolution of the Modern Milky Way Galaxy

  • 03:22: ... galaxies collapsed from very slight  over-dense regions in the hot hydrogen and helium   gas that filled the universe after the Big ...
  • 14:38: ... a large enough rocky or icy core forms to start  holding on to hydrogen and helium atmospheres.   That needs to happen before the star ...

2022-05-18: What If the Galactic Habitable Zone LIMITS Intelligent Life?

  • 03:40: ... like the Earth, while the larger collected  vast atmospheres of hydrogen and helium and became   the gas giants. At the same time, the ...
  • 05:52: ... are mostly made out of hydrogen  and helium, with trace amounts of heavier   elements. But ...

2022-01-12: How To Simulate The Universe With DFT

  • 00:44: ... of an electron, whether it’s bouncing around inside a box, or part of a hydrogen atom, or moving through a double slit ...
  • 01:48: ... - that’s the V. V could result from the electromagnetic field inside the hydrogen atom, or the EM fields defining the walls of a box, ...
  • 02:10: ... an electron in a box or in a hydrogen atom, the different possible values of E that form solutions to this ...
  • 03:25: OK, now let’s say we want to do the 26 electrons in an iron atom instead of the 1 electron in hydrogen.

2021-12-29: How to Find ALIEN Dyson Spheres

  • 08:50: ... stars that are in the primes of their lives - those powered by fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores - lie on this tight band called the main ...

2021-12-20: What Happens If A Black Hole Hits Earth?

  • 05:13: ... kg like a large asteroid. That gives it an event horizon the size of a hydrogen atom. At interstellar speeds it spends around a minute passing through ...

2021-12-10: 2021 End of Year AMA!

  • 00:02: ... some ways they're at the ends of their lives they've finished burning hydrogen in their cause and they've expanded to giant stars um and uh the ...

2021-09-15: Neutron Stars: The Most Extreme Objects in the Universe

  • 03:07: ... Kelvin for a young neutron star. Those nuclei   are mostly hydrogen and helium, captured from the nearly-empty space surrounding the ...

2021-08-03: How An Extreme New Star Could Change All Cosmology

  • 03:19: ... object, but also a lot more. In the case of Zee the wavelengths of the hydrogen absorption lines were shuffled all over the place in a way that suggests ...

2021-01-12: What Happens During a Quantum Jump?

  • 01:56: ... the specific frequencies of light observed in emission spectra of hydrogen - although it failed for more complex elements Bohr’s work inspired ...

2020-12-15: The Supernova At The End of Time

  • 02:39: ... of these iron stars was in its extremely brief phase as a bright ball of hydrogen, bathing a young planetary system in the energy produced by its fusion ...

2020-12-08: Why Do You Remember The Past But Not The Future?

  • 12:10: ... increase as all structure disassembled and formed the homogeneous sea of hydrogen that preceded the formation of ...

2020-10-05: Venus May Have Life!

  • 03:15: These guys speculated about both microbes and larger creatures, alien gas bags perhaps supported by in-built hydrogen balloons.
  • 05:41: So phosphine is a tetrahedtron - pyramid or d-4 - shaped molecule with one phosphorus and 3 hydrogen atoms.
  • 06:00: It can form anywhere that you might have free phosphorus and hydrogen atoms.
  • 06:05: That means anywhere that the more stable phosphorus and hydrogen-containing molecules might be broken apart.

2020-09-01: How Do We Know What Stars Are Made Of?

  • 00:28: ... astronomy is that the sun and the other stars are giant balls of fiery hydrogen and helium, powered by raging nuclear furnaces in their ...
  • 08:56: On Earth, hydrogen is the third most abundant element after oxygen and silicon, while helium is extremely rare.
  • 09:05: Her results suggested that hydrogen was by far the most common atom in the sun, followed closely by helium.
  • 09:29: ... that it was likely the result of not understanding the atomic theory of hydrogen and helium well ...
  • 09:39: ... the fact of the sun being made mostly of hydrogen and helium was confirmed only a few years later, and Cecilia Payne is ...
  • 10:46: ... and also the type she figured out for us - the giant balls of burning hydrogen scattered across space ...

2020-08-24: Can Future Colliders Break the Standard Model?

  • 13:58: We're currently piling them up as tanks of hydrogen in Switzerland with a postit notes with your name.

2020-08-17: How Stars Destroy Each Other

  • 00:36: It had burned brighter and faster, until it’s heart of fusing hydrogen shriveled into a dead core of carbon and oxygen.
  • 01:11: There, in the extreme surface gravity of the ultradense white dwarf, a layer of hydrogen built up.
  • 04:02: ... cataclysmic variables must slowly build up their hydrogen layer, sputtering and flaring as they do so, until a critical ...

2020-07-20: The Boundary Between Black Holes & Neutron Stars

  • 14:33: ... of the universe, you’d have a great wall thorugh the universe where hydrogen and anti-hydrogen came into contact to explosive ...

2020-07-08: Does Antimatter Explain Why There's Something Rather Than Nothing?

  • 06:27: ... anti-proton plus a positron, instead of the proton + electron of regular hydrogen. In 1999 , NASA estimated that when taking all expenses into account, ...
  • 07:21: ... of anti-hydrogen in multiple ways to see if it deviates from regular hydrogen - deviations that could point to the violation of CPT symmetry. ALPHA ...
  • 09:19: ... this frequency, then compare to the corresponding frequency in regular hydrogen. The best-measured transition in hydrogen is known with 15 digits of ...

2020-05-04: How We Know The Universe is Ancient

  • 09:39: ... made an awkward mistake - they had been counting bright clouds of hydrogen gas - so-called HII regions - as stars, which threw their numbers off. ...

2020-04-28: Space Time Livestream: Ask Matt Anything

  • 00:00: ... it's only to only a tiny tiny wavelength band from an emission line hydrogen-alpha I think it is in the upper atmosphere of the Sun so you see these ...

2020-04-22: Will Wormholes Allow Fast Interstellar Travel?

  • 15:35: ... - but its very diffuse. Most of the space is filled with ionized hydrogen - protons stripped of their electrons, with densities between 1 particle ...

2020-04-14: Was the Milky Way a Quasar?

  • 04:06: These “cosmic rays” can then collide with nuclei in the gas between the stars - again, mostly the protons of hydrogen.

2020-01-27: Hacking the Nature of Reality

  • 00:14: The year is 1925 and the young Werner Heisenberg is striving to understand the mechanics of the newly-discovered electron orbitals of hydrogen.

2019-12-17: Do Black Holes Create New Universes?

  • 06:30: That cooling is extremely slow if the gas only contains the hydrogen and helium produced in the big bang.

2019-11-11: Does Life Need a Multiverse to Exist?

  • 06:21: ... other hand, if the strong force were a bit weaker then deuterium - heavy hydrogen - becomes unstable, eliminating one of the key steps in the fusion ...
  • 07:32: Without neutrons, no elements heavier than hydrogen would be possible.

2019-09-03: Is Earth's Magnetic Field Reversing?

  • 07:27: ... can produce such a field – the Earth, but also the Sun with its flowing hydrogen plasma, or the liquid metallic hydrogen in Jupiter and Saturn’s ...

2019-07-18: Did Time Start at the Big Bang?

  • 01:56: ... closer together There's also the relative abundance of simple elements hydrogen and helium in particular Whose ratio is exactly what we expect if the ...

2019-07-01: Thorium and the Future of Nuclear Energy

  • 00:33: ... The Sun is powered that way Releasing a mere 0.4 percent of the mass of hydrogen nuclei as it fuses them into helium But that's enough to power the Sun ...
  • 02:49: ... sort of moderator The most common moderator is plain old water Because hydrogen nuclei in H2O are around the same mass as neutrons they absorb a lot of ...

2019-06-20: The Quasar from The Beginning of Time

  • 05:43: ... Bang, when things had cooled down a bit, the universe was filled with hydrogen gas. It was murky, especially for ultraviolet ...
  • 05:58: Those stars eventually melted away the remaining hydrogen in a process called reionization, leaving a crystal-clear universe.

2019-06-06: The Alchemy of Neutron Star Collisions

  • 02:47: ... to map where along the line of sight to a quasar there are clouds of hydrogen gas and learn about their size and density based on the shape of the ...
  • 13:02: ... - well let's figure it out the density of the universe is roughly one hydrogen atom per square meter the universe is now around 1,100 times larger than ...

2019-05-16: The Cosmic Dark Ages

  • 01:34: ... gets dull, right? Prior to recombination, the universe was filled with hydrogen and helium atoms stripped of their electrons - in other words, ionized - ...
  • 02:19: ... the absence of new sources of light and the fog of atomic and molecular hydrogen and helium that filled the ...
  • 03:52: ... and around these galaxies bubbles of ionized plasma grew as neutral hydrogen was burned away by the growing the ultraviolet aura. By now the dark ...
  • 05:13: ... thick neutral hydrogen of the early universe was mostly transparent, but it did block some very ...
  • 05:45: ... about the first, so this is just the tl;dr. When the electron in cold hydrogen gas flips its spin direction it either absorbs or emits a radio photon ...
  • 07:19: ... quasars traveled to us it passed through the last remnants of neutral hydrogen left over from the cosmic dark ages. That gas left its ...
  • 08:11: ... an electron jumps between the ground and second electron orbitals of hydrogen. ...
  • 08:30: Neutral hydrogen gas is hungry for Lyman-alpha, gobbling up any such photon that it encounters.
  • 08:36: ... completely absorbed as the quasar’s light enters this region of neutral hydrogen. ...
  • 09:21: ... Now and then that light would pass through a tattered remnant of neutral hydrogen, and whatever photons were unlucky enough to be redshifted to the doomed ...
  • 11:17: ... due to the quasar’s ionization bubble can tell us how much neutral hydrogen was left at the time this quasar was shining. It lets us track the ...

2019-03-13: Will You Travel to Space?

  • 13:27: ... points out that atoms are perpetual motion machines, and there are hydrogen atoms that have been ticking for the entire age of the ...

2019-02-07: Sound Waves from the Beginning of Time

  • 01:37: For the first few hundred thousand years in the life of our universe, All of the space was filled with hydrogen and helium in plasma form.
  • 05:57: But the plasma, now hydrogen and helium gas, stalled.
  • 06:46: ... the new structure. Once more in the gravitational grip of dark matter, hydrogen and helium could begin the long work of collapsing into stars and ...

2018-10-18: What are the Strings in String Theory?

  • 06:48: Niels Bohr came up with the first quantum model for electron orbits by thinking of them as ring-like standing waves around the hydrogen atom.

2018-10-10: Computing a Universe Simulation

  • 04:33: So there is something like 10 to the power of 80 hydrogen atoms in the universe.

2018-08-30: Is There Life on Mars?

  • 08:26: ... Mars "Odyssey" orbiter detected atmospheric hydrogen that told us of enormous quantities of water ice frozen into the Martian ...

2018-08-23: How Will the Universe End?

  • 00:27: ... years, the last star in the universe will expand, the final atoms of hydrogen fuel and settle quietly into a dim white dwarf before slowly fading to ...

2018-06-27: How Asteroid Mining Will Save Earth

  • 06:19: Water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen, becoming rocket fuel, which is critical for shipping mined resources back to Earth.

2018-05-09: How Gaia Changed Astronomy Forever

  • 02:58: For example, stars on this diagonal band-- the so-called, main sequence-- are in the primes of their lives, fusing hydrogen into helium.

2018-05-02: The Star at the End of Time

  • 01:51: Stars generate energy, fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores.
  • 01:55: ... Sun burns through 600 billion kilograms of hydrogen every second, generating 4 by 10 to the power of 26 watts or around the ...
  • 02:11: This rate will only increase as the core's temperature increases, and the Sun will burn through the hydrogen supply in its core in five billion years.
  • 03:04: Actually, wrong-- stars like our Sun can only burn the hydrogen in their cores.
  • 03:48: That helium gets mixed through the star, while new hydrogen is brought to the core for fusion.
  • 03:53: Over the course of its long life, a red dwarf will convert all of its hydrogen to helium.
  • 06:00: ... with the last hydrogen fuel spent, the entire star will become composed of helium and will ...

2018-03-21: Scientists Have Detected the First Stars

  • 01:05: [MUSIC PLAYING] So the very early universe was full of hydrogen gas and light.
  • 01:12: That light was the leftover heat glow from before those first hydrogen atoms formed.
  • 01:27: We can also, try to see the light signature from that very early hydrogen gas.
  • 01:31: ... the one that is released or absorbed, when the ground state electron and hydrogen flips its spin ...
  • 01:47: ... the early universe, the rate of hydrogen spin flip was in equilibrium with the CMB, meaning that for every CMB ...
  • 02:13: Before long, some of that early hydrogen gas collapsed to form the very first stars, long before the first galaxies formed.
  • 02:38: ... black holes formed, and started to spew out x-rays, as they gobbled up hydrogen. This heated the gas and eventually, became too hot to emit, or absorb, ...
  • 04:39: This suggests that the hydrogen doing the absorbing is a lot colder than we thought to be.
  • 04:50: Our cosmological models can't explain how this early hydrogen gas could possibly be this cold.
  • 05:15: The only thing colder than this ambient hydrogen at the time, was dark matter.
  • 05:20: So maybe, the hydrogen lost some of its heat to dark matter.
  • 05:24: Yet, in order for that to happen, hydrogen would actually need to interact with the dark matter, and that's the whole thing about dark matter.
  • 05:34: But in order to cool the hydrogen, there must be another type of interaction.

2018-03-07: Should Space be Privatized?

  • 10:45: As the hydrogen fuel in the sun's core gets diluted by helium, the fusion rate does decrease and the core shrink.
  • 11:12: That means new hydrogen flows down to the core, while the helium produced in core fusion is mixed through the star.
  • 11:28: That leads to a layering, an inert core, surrounded by a fusing of hydrogen, which results in a dramatic death cycle.

2018-02-21: The Death of the Sun

  • 00:21: In just a moment, our star will fuse the last of the hydrogen in its core, triggering a cataclysmic sequence of events.
  • 00:49: They live their lives fusing hydrogen to helium in their cores, shining bright and stable for as long as that hydrogen lasts.
  • 01:31: ... [INAUDIBLE] life, I mean the period of core hydrogen fusion, when the steady flow of energy from the core provides consistent ...
  • 02:07: As the last traces of hydrogen are slammed together into helium 4 nuclei, fusion will cease.
  • 02:22: ... gravity, that core begins to collapse, dragging the surrounding layer of hydrogen with ...
  • 02:35: Soon, a thin shell of fresh hydrogen fuel around the dead core becomes hot enough to ignite.
  • 02:42: Hydrogen shell burning begins.
  • 03:52: While the stars outer layers of hydrogen are expanding and cooling, the core continues to collapse until it hits a quantum mechanical limit.
  • 05:16: Finally, surrounding an inert carbon oxygen core are two fusing shells, helium fusion inside hydrogen fusion.

2018-01-24: The End of the Habitable Zone

  • 00:27: Hydrogen is fused into helium in the sun's core, producing energy that keeps it shining and keeps the earth warm and hospitable to life.
  • 01:09: ... the sun is able to remain as a giant ball of fiery hydrogen due to a delicate balance between the outer flow of energy produced by ...
  • 01:22: The rate of fusion of hydrogen into helium increases with the temperature and density of the core.
  • 01:43: At that point, the sun had plenty of hydrogen fuel.
  • 01:46: But over time that hydrogen has been diluted.
  • 03:01: ... bright and a third again as large before it finishes burning it store of hydrogen fuel in around 5 billion ...
  • 06:44: ... vapor increases H2O molecules in the stratosphere will be broken into hydrogen and oxygen and the light hydrogen atoms will be lost to ...

2018-01-10: What Do Stars Sound Like?

  • 06:21: ... the composition of the core, which tells us how much of the sun's hydrogen fuel source has already been burned into ...

2017-12-20: Extinction by Gamma-Ray Burst

  • 11:30: And that's greater than the yield of Tsar Bomba, the greatest hydrogen bomb ever detonated.

2017-10-25: The Missing Mass Mystery

  • 03:07: For example, in the first several minutes after the Big Bang, hydrogen fused into deuterium and helium.
  • 03:14: The proportion of hydrogen that ended up getting fused is very dependent on the density of that hydrogen, so the baryonic mass.
  • 03:23: ... deuterium today tells us that there should have been 10 times as much hydrogen to start with than we actually see today in galaxies and ...

2017-10-19: The Nature of Nothing

  • 07:10: ... the two electron orbitals that comprise the second energy level of the hydrogen ...
  • 13:06: ... another example, the cores of Jupiter and Saturn may be largely liquid hydrogen, despite the fact that the temperatures there are way higher than the ...

2017-09-13: Neutron Stars Collide in New LIGO Signal?

  • 13:20: ... 50 to 200 trillion watts of power, which is the equivalent of a megaton hydrogen bomb exploding every 2 ...

2017-08-24: First Detection of Life

  • 08:37: We've even started to look at super-Earths, like in 55 Cancri e, detecting hydrogen and helium.

2017-08-16: Extraterrestrial Superstorms

  • 05:02: Most of Jupiter's visible clouds are ammonia ice, tainted with colorful impurities, but there also clouds of hydrogen sulfide and regular H2O.

2017-08-02: Dark Flow

  • 02:51: After all, those galaxies formed from the hot hydrogen plasma that produced the CMB.
  • 03:39: ... of galaxies and are bathed in a diffuse but searing hot plasma-- hydrogen and helium, with temperatures up to 100 million ...

2017-06-28: The First Quantum Field Theory

  • 14:02: ... it failed to predict the fine structure emission line energies in hydrogen due to not accounting for electron ...

2017-05-31: The Fate of the First Stars

  • 00:45: See, the sun and all stars are made of the raw material forged in the heat of the Big Bang itself-- hydrogen and helium, mostly.
  • 01:30: And the relative quantity of metals versus hydrogen and helium is a star's metalicity.
  • 02:32: ... stars, shining in the first ever proto galaxies, born of the pristine hydrogen and helium gas that filled the universe soon after the Big ...
  • 04:05: One might think that having more mass-- more hydrogen to fuse in their cores-- would allow a star to burn longer.
  • 05:52: Stars form when vast clouds of mostly molecular hydrogen collapse under their own gravity.
  • 07:22: But without materials to help cooling, a giant cloud of pristine hydrogen helium gas can't shed its heat quickly enough.
  • 08:27: They pumped out ultraviolet radiation, which began the work of energizing, of ionizing, the atomic and molecular hydrogen that filled the universe.
  • 08:36: ... which saw the universe shift from being a hazy, nearly opaque fog of hydrogen gas to the crystal clear and extremely diffuse hydrogen plasma that we ...
  • 10:21: They radiate intense light, with a signature ultraviolet wavelength of hydrogen.

2017-05-10: The Great American Eclipse

  • 05:58: ... you see the chromosphere, red from a specific electron transition in the hydrogen of the sun's upper ...

2017-04-19: The Oh My God Particle

  • 05:06: Most of them are single protons, the nuclei of hydrogen atoms.

2017-03-01: The Treasures of Trappist-1

  • 06:50: ... Space Telescope has confirmed that the a, b, and h planets don't have hydrogen helium atmospheres, which means they aren't gassy planets like ...

2017-02-22: The Eye of Sauron Reveals a Forming Solar System!

  • 02:17: Cold and adrift, the mostly hydrogen gas yields to gravity once it reaches the critical Jeans mass.
  • 08:34: Stars typically form in groups as very large clouds of molecular hydrogen collapse and break apart into separate pieces.

2017-01-25: Why Quasars are so Awesome

  • 07:21: The first quasars turned on in a very young universe that was still thick with the raw hydrogen gas produced in the Big Bang.

2017-01-11: The EM Drive: Fact or Fantasy?

  • 08:05: ... can reproduce certain quantum observables, like the energy levels of the hydrogen ...

2016-12-21: Have They Seen Us?

  • 07:33: One of its primary purposes will be to catch the radio emission from hydrogen gas in the extremely early universe.
  • 07:58: That redshifted early hydrogen emission is now found slap in the middle of the noisy lower frequency part of our own TV broadcast spectrum.
  • 11:48: That redshifted 21-centimeter hydrogen emission really is one of the most important keys to understanding the very early universe.

2016-11-30: Pilot Wave Theory and Quantum Realism

  • 16:05: A five centimeter tube of neutronium would explode with the equivalent energy of around a trillion hydrogen bombs.

2016-10-12: Black Holes from the Dawn of Time

  • 12:29: This leads to all sorts of useful behavior, like surface tension, capillary action, and hydrogen bonding.

2016-09-29: Life on Europa?

  • 00:42: This is roughly the same location where a plume of hydrogen and oxygen ions was also seen by Hubble.
  • 03:49: The foundation of these are the single-celled organisms that extract energy from the hydrogen sulfide spewing from the vents.

2016-08-24: Should We Build a Dyson Sphere?

  • 06:39: Only 0.7% of the rest mass of the ingoing hydrogen fuel at the sun's core is converted to energy.

2016-07-06: Juno to Reveal Jupiter's Violent Past

  • 01:22: ... it had enough gravity to start holding on to the 300-ish Earth masses of hydrogen and helium that make up most of the planet ...
  • 01:42: ... bulk of Jupiter is thought to be in the form of metallic hydrogen fluid, a strange theoretical state of hydrogen existing only at extreme ...
  • 01:52: The conductivity of metallic hydrogen is thought to result in the enormous electric currents that produce Jupiter's prodigious magnetic field.

2016-06-01: Is Quantum Tunneling Faster than Light?

  • 05:01: In fact, without quantum tunneling, stars could not fuse hydrogen into heavy nuclei.

2016-04-13: Will the Universe Expand Forever?

  • 10:49: ... elements in the universe, only two have an odd number of protons-- hydrogen and nitrogen. However, there are many ways to build elements out of this ...

2016-04-06: We Are Star Stuff

  • 02:37: ... start with the simplest, hydrogen. Your body is up to 60% water, H2O, which makes you around 40% hydrogen ...
  • 02:51: ... vast majority of that hydrogen has a lonely proton nucleus, a trio of quarks that found each other ...
  • 04:31: And all of that hydrogen and helium would later become the fuel for the later formation of stars.
  • 04:55: Our sun, and in fact every star in the prime of its life on what we call the main sequence, shines by forging hydrogen into helium.
  • 06:08: ... the star took millions of years to burn through its original hydrogen core, when that core is entirely silicon, it burns through that fuel in ...

2016-03-30: Pulsar Starquakes Make Fast Radio Bursts? + Challenge Winners!

  • 05:28: 75% of the baryonic mass is in hydrogen, which has just one proton and no neutrons.

2016-03-09: Cosmic Microwave Background Challenge

  • 00:23: ... was around 380,000 years old, and had just cooled down enough for the hydrogen plasma that filled the universe to become hydrogen ...
  • 03:01: ... enough for those electrons to be captured by protons to form the first hydrogen atoms in an event called ...

2016-03-02: What’s Wrong With the Big Bang Theory?

  • 05:19: It's full of this hot glowing hydrogen plasma.

2016-02-24: Why the Big Bang Definitely Happened

  • 03:51: ... which point the entire universe slipped from plasma to gas as the first hydrogen atoms ...

2015-11-18: 5 Ways to Stop a Killer Asteroid

  • 02:30: ... ago, hitting the Yucatan Peninsula with the power of a billion megaton hydrogen ...

2015-10-22: Have Gravitational Waves Been Discovered?!?

  • 10:30: ... magnetic funnel ahead of your craft, which scoops up this interstellar hydrogen and channels it into maybe a fusion engine to power your ...

2015-10-15: 5 REAL Possibilities for Interstellar Travel

  • 03:16: ... roughly 3/4 of our starship's mass being taken up by 300,000 1 megaton hydrogen bombs, blast them behind us one by one over about a month, and we ...

2015-09-30: What Happens At The Edge Of The Universe?

  • 08:51: By comparison, the cold hydrogen gas that fills our galaxy clumps together in giant clouds.

2015-05-20: The Real Meaning of E=mc²

  • 00:02: A hydrogen atom has less mass than the combined masses of the proton and the electron that make it up.
  • 05:21: ... at the top of the episode, I stated that the mass of a hydrogen atom is less than the combined masses of the electron and the proton ...
  • 05:48: So the potential energy of the electron and proton in a hydrogen atom is negative.
  • 05:52: Now the electron in hydrogen also has kinetic energy, which is always positive, due to its movement around the product proton.
  • 05:58: ... and therefore m equals E over c squared also comes out negative, and a hydrogen atom weighs less than the combined masses of its ...

2015-04-01: Is the Moon in Majora’s Mask a Black Hole?

  • 08:22: Gareth Dean pointed out that the early universe contains not just hydrogen but also helium, and asks whether CMB analysis takes this into account.
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