Search PBS Space Time

What are you looking for?

	2022-11-09: What If Humanity Is Among The First Spacefaring Civilizations? 04:36: Habitable star formation will peak at around 15 billion years, not so far away from our current date. 05:18: ... Earth that involved the first formation of self-replicating cells, the evolution of complex Eukariot cells, then ... 07:23: ... mostly stop appearing 5 billion years after the peak of habitable star formation - which, if you remember, is 20 billion years ...
	2022-09-28: Why Is 1/137 One of the Greatest Unsolved Problems In Physics? 08:49: ... be surprising that they landed on just the right values to allow for the formation of life - unless of course there are many, many universes with different ...
	2022-09-21: Science of the James Webb Telescope Explained! 05:01: IR sensitivity lets us peer into the dusty whirlpools around new stars and watch the formation of planets in action.
	2022-06-22: Is Interstellar Travel Impossible? 05:18: These sort of micrometeorites are somewhat common within the solar system - leftovers from the formation of the planetary system.
	2022-06-01: What If Physics IS NOT Describing Reality? 13:31: ... In the last episode we talked about the  formation history of the Milky Way, told through   the various acts of ...
	2022-05-25: The Evolution of the Modern Milky Way Galaxy 03:22: ... bang.   Back then, galaxies were raging storms of  star formation due to the abundance of gas   back then. We only see the ... 05:11: ... merger events, or were perhaps produced in the same burst of star formation triggered by that ... 09:11: ... and reformed the thin  disk, and triggered a new round of star formation. ... 11:10: ... made through the disk correspond to three  episodes of star formation in the Milky Way,   and one of these passes even happens to ... 12:11: ... infusion of gas, probably   triggering another bout of star formation in about  2 billion years. The accompanying supernova ... 05:11: ... merger events, or were perhaps produced in the same burst of star formation triggered by that ... 01:09: ... are really snapshots of the incredibly  violent process of galaxy formation.   This is how all galaxies are made. We can  piece together a pretty ...
	2022-05-18: What If the Galactic Habitable Zone LIMITS Intelligent Life? 05:52: ... On the other hand, if metallicity is  too high, it can lead to the formation of too   many gas giants like Jupiter - and that can ... 06:56: ... back even further - beyond the formation  of the Sun to the formation of the Galaxy   to figure out where habitable planetary ... 11:12: ... on the Milky Way’s formation history, our  starting intuition seems right: the Sun and ... 06:56: ... we need to take our story   back even further - beyond the formation  of the Sun to the formation of the Galaxy   to figure out ...
	2022-03-30: Could The Universe Be Inside A Black Hole? 08:15: ... very first “realistic” mathematical description of a black hole formation was discovered in 1939 by Robert Oppenheimer - of atomic bomb fame - ... 08:56: But the Oppenheimer-Snyder solution gave our first insights into black hole formation.
	2022-03-08: Is the Proxima System Our Best Hope For Another Earth? 12:50: ... not crazy, because planetary formation models indicate that there wouldn’t have been enough material so close ...
	2022-02-16: Is The Wave Function The Building Block of Reality? 18:37: ... that lots of information goes into building a black hole, but in its formation, but in its original formulation Hawking radiation is supposed to be ...
	2022-01-19: How To Build The Universe in a Computer 02:37: ... the destruction of the disks, the throwing-off of tidal streams, and the formation of an elliptical ... 05:26: ... example, in a cosmological simulation we’re trying to watch the detailed formation of individual galaxies, as well as the evolution of giant clusters of ... 08:08: All of these processes are key parts of galaxy evolution and of star and planet formation, and so we’d better be able to simulate this too. 10:02: ... form, with gas and dark matter interacting to produce waves of star formation and supernovae, settling into spiral structures - just like we see in ... 08:45: ... of gas in galaxies and around quasars, used to simulate star and planet formation,   and even star and planet destruction  in collisions or ... 08:58: SPH can even be used to do galaxy formation,   where the stars themselves are  treated as a type of fluid.
	2021-11-10: What If Our Understanding of Gravity Is Wrong? 11:56: It was able to clump in the right  way to kickstart cluster formation.
	2021-08-18: How Vacuum Decay Would Destroy The Universe 07:01: ... also starts in small bubbles that grow into its surroundings. The formation of   these phase-transition bubbles in water or in a ...
	2021-07-21: How Magnetism Shapes The Universe 00:56: And it governs the formation of every major structure in the universe, from the smallest moon to the largest cluster of galaxies. 10:05: And magnetic fields also facilitate star formation after stars die. 10:09: ... gas in the path of that explosion, triggering bursts of new star formation. ... 10:44: Their material tends to spill into the space around the galaxy before slowly raining back in, where it can be used for new star formation.
	2021-04-13: What If Dark Matter Is Just Black Holes? 03:31: When we look into the distance we’re actually looking back in time, so we can literally see star formation happening in the early universe. 03:47: ... star formation history and heavy element abundance tells us there haven’t been anywhere ... 03:31: When we look into the distance we’re actually looking back in time, so we can literally see star formation happening in the early universe. 03:47: ... star formation history and heavy element abundance tells us there haven’t been anywhere near ...
	2021-02-24: Does Time Cause Gravity? 09:44: ... everywhere - but it ceased in isolated bubbles - corresponding to the formation of a new ...
	2021-01-26: Is Dark Matter Made of Particles? 05:13: We’ve talked about that structure formation before.
	2020-12-08: Why Do You Remember The Past But Not The Future? 03:10: Any good geologist could read the asteroid’s memory and deduce a rough formation history. 03:15: ... the asteroid and calculate their paths backwards to recover its exact formation ... 04:57: Does the proton have a memory of its formation? 05:38: If the laws of physics can exactly reconstruct the formation of the proton, those same laws can be used to project when the proton will decay. 05:53: For this lone proton, its formation and decay are identical events and it's fair to say this whole sequence has no arrow of time. 07:04: The reverse time direction seems unnatural, but what’s different in terms of the asteroid’s record, or memory of its formation? 07:25: Even if we can’t perfectly retrace its formation down to the subatomic particle, it has many crude features that recall that past. 10:45: But memory formation results from interactions with our environments - the generation of correlations. 12:10: ... and formed the homogeneous sea of hydrogen that preceded the formation of ... 03:10: Any good geologist could read the asteroid’s memory and deduce a rough formation history. 03:15: ... the asteroid and calculate their paths backwards to recover its exact formation history. ...
	2020-09-21: Could Life Evolve Inside Stars? 07:00: Others have speculated that cosmic strings may get trapped inside stars in the process of star formation.
	2020-06-08: Can Viruses Travel Between Planets? 03:27: As well as driving cellular evolution, viruses may have been critical in the formation of cells in the first place.
	2020-04-14: Was the Milky Way a Quasar? 07:09: ... star formation part of a starburst isn’t energetic enough to produce the Fermi Bubbles, ... 10:02: ... outflows would be compressed by shocks, provoking a sudden burst of star formation like we described ... 10:34: The energy from those outflows will eventually shut down the star formation, but in the early phase it can help kick it off. 11:41: ... accretion onto the Milky Way’s central black hole and a flurry of star formation egging each other ...
	2020-04-07: How We Know The Earth Is Ancient 02:38: ... geologist James Hutton wandered Britain, pondering the ages of its rock formations. He became convinced that they were formed when molten rock pus hed ... 05:50: ... a minimum age of the earth based on the erosion timescale for chalk formations in Southern England. His figure of 300 million years was actually too ... 02:38: ... geologist James Hutton wandered Britain, pondering the ages of its rock formations. He became convinced that they were formed when molten rock pus hed ... 05:50: ... a minimum age of the earth based on the erosion timescale for chalk formations in Southern England. His figure of 300 million years was actually too ...
	2020-02-03: Are there Infinite Versions of You? 03:45: ... region will be identical to our part of the universe, leading to the formation of the Milky Way, the Earth, William Shakespeare, and ... 07:55: ... tends to be prohibited by a combination of conservation laws and the formation of black ...
	2020-01-20: Solving the Three Body Problem 06:20: ... into the distant future or solve for millions of objects to simulate the formation and evolution of entire galaxies. But these numerical solutions didn’t ...
	2020-01-13: How To Capture Black Holes 13:26: ... hole and the universe it spawns. That new universe is birthed in the formation of the black hole singularity. If it grows by some inflation-like ...
	2019-12-17: Do Black Holes Create New Universes? 01:54: It goes like this: the formation of a black hole triggers the formation of a new universe “on the other side” in a new big bang. 02:10: ... in their formation the fundamental constants of the daughter universes are shifted slightly ...
	2019-11-18: Can You Observe a Typical Universe? 03:31: ... and initial conditions that seem extremely fine-tuned for the eventual formation of ... 04:37: ... evolution of observers somehow had some causal influence on the initial formation of the ... 05:50: ... interesting that's happened since - from the formation of stars and galaxies to the evolution of life - has been powered by the ...
	2019-11-11: Does Life Need a Multiverse to Exist? 05:10: ... state that allows it to quickly radiate away the excess energy it had on formation, settling down into a stable ... 13:28: ... Juice points out that the formation of the moon due to a giant impact would also have increased the amount ... 14:04: ... may have wandered into the inner solar system during the solar system's formation, disrupting the planets that were forming there before moving back out ... 05:10: ... state that allows it to quickly radiate away the excess energy it had on formation, settling down into a stable ...
	2019-11-04: Why We Might Be Alone in the Universe 07:19: Its size and also its composition and orbit suggest that it formed when a Mars-ish sized planet collided with the Earth right after its formation. 08:32: ... hypothesis for the first formation of life is that it evolved in tidal pools, with complex chemicals and ... 09:40: That planet acts like a gigantic gravitational vacuum cleaner, absorbing a lot of the debris left over from the formation of the solar system. 11:08: ... are many factors that shaped Earth’s formation and development - what if the Cambrian explosion had never happened, or ...
	2019-09-30: How Many Universes Are There? 16:16: ... necessarily reflect a fundamental difference in the physical nature and formation process of the ...
	2019-09-03: Is Earth's Magnetic Field Reversing? 09:41: ... impact, an interaction between the core and mantle – for example the formation of a new magma plume or the subduction of a continental ...
	2019-07-01: Thorium and the Future of Nuclear Energy 15:29: ... you had to say Steve C comments that this whole black hole killing star formation thing seems like a negative feedback Interaction more gas equals more ...
	2019-06-20: The Quasar from The Beginning of Time 00:04: ... a time when the universe was still cooling from the fire of its own formation. ...
	2019-06-17: How Black Holes Kill Galaxies 00:08: ... turns out that they may be responsible for ending Star formation across the entire Universe When we first realized that Black Holes could ... 01:35: ... Sure, Galaxies and their Black Holes probably grew together but galaxy formation is an extremely messy process so you'd expected a huge amount of ... 02:54: ... the nature of Dark Matter and Dark Energy we expect 'Bottom up Galaxy formation' this is what we see in our simulations of the Universe and also mostly ... 05:24: ... in Astronomy, a dead galaxy refers to its current star formation activity in particular, the largest galaxies in the Universe are the ... 06:33: ... the crap out of the galaxy's gas rewinding a bit to the whole galaxy formation thing when galaxies collide or even get stirred up a bit by eating a ... 07:21: ... new gas arriving or it can heat the gas either case is bad for star formation in the later case is because hot gas can't form new stars gas has to ... 05:24: ... in Astronomy, a dead galaxy refers to its current star formation activity in particular, the largest galaxies in the Universe are the Giant ... 02:54: ... the clusters from outside of the Universe igniting bouts of extreme star formation called Star Busts as galaxies grew so did their Black Holes they would've ... 07:21: ... were the main culprit is not established but we do know that the star formation died or is dying not just in largest galaxies but across the universe after ... 06:33: ... the crap out of the galaxy's gas rewinding a bit to the whole galaxy formation thing when galaxies collide or even get stirred up a bit by eating a smaller ...
	2019-06-06: The Alchemy of Neutron Star Collisions 02:47: ... single nearby neutron star collision around 80 million years before the formation of the solar system now it would be fair to ask how on earth anyone ...
	2019-05-16: The Cosmic Dark Ages 00:24: ... is … nothing. Darkness. For the hundred million years or so between the formation of the first atom and the formation of the first star there were no ...
	2019-02-20: Secrets of the Cosmic Microwave Background 00:08: ... cosmic microwave background We've delved into its nature before from its formation 38,000 years after the Big Bang to its 1964 discovery by Penzias and ... 02:05: ... in place 380,000 years later when light decoupled from matter at the formation of the first atoms the moment of Recombination As the universe evolved ... 00:08: ... cosmic microwave background We've delved into its nature before from its formation 38,000 years after the Big Bang to its 1964 discovery by Penzias and Wilson ...
	2018-12-06: Did Life on Earth Come from Space? 00:37: ... systems but rather by the giant deceived and gas that precede the formation of planets circled protoplanetary disks these could act like gigantic ...
	2018-11-21: 'Oumuamua Is Not Aliens 00:29: ... similar things countless times before, lonely rocks, remnants of the formation of our solar system drifting on their endless orbits around the sun, and ... 02:26: ... between the stars, probably ejected in the violent early stages of formation of planetary ... 08:44: And by that I mean the expected density of space rocks that are ejected during the planetary formation process.
	2018-10-25: Will We Ever Find Alien Life? 07:23: ... are astrophysical factors like the rate of star formation and the fraction of these stars that form habitable worlds, biological ...
	2018-06-27: How Asteroid Mining Will Save Earth 01:55: Asteroids, along with comets, are leftover material from the formation of the solar system. 03:29: During its formation when it's still a giant bowl of molten space rock, heavier iron and nickel will sink to the asteroid's center. 04:19: They followed iron into the core or mantle during Earth's formation.
	2018-06-20: The Black Hole Information Paradox 05:27: ... relativity called Einstein-Cartan theory, it's predicted that the formation of a rotating black hole gives birth to an entire new universe ...
	2018-05-09: How Gaia Changed Astronomy Forever 04:14: The information Gaia provides will revolutionize our understanding of stellar formation and evolution. 05:27: We can map things like stellar streams and detailed substructure that tell us about the history of our galaxies formation.
	2018-04-18: Using Stars to See Gravitational Waves 01:16: It's hard to imagine black holes forming bigger than this or both of a binary pair growing this large after formation. 01:30: Some are trying to adjust stellar evolution models to allow for the formation of more massive black holes.
	2018-03-28: The Andromeda-Milky Way Collision 06:37: There's also a chance that gas throughout the galaxy will be shocked into a storm of new star formation.
	2018-03-15: Hawking Radiation 05:21: Hawking imagined a simple quantum field tracing this path, a field that is in a perfect vacuum state before the formation of the black hole.
	2018-02-14: What is Energy? 13:30: Well, solar system formation models do indicate a scenario in which our sun may have swallowed some early terrestrial planets.
	2018-01-31: Kronos: Devourer Of Worlds 01:32: These wide binaries are actually extremely useful tools for understanding star formation and the environment of the galaxy they live in. 06:33: ... that Kronos accreted a bunch of new material sometime well after its formation and after the formation of any planetary ... 07:02: Well, computer simulations of planet formation do show that planets can fall into their home stars. 07:30: And it may also reveal other planet-eating stars, which will shed light on the whole planet formation process.
	2018-01-24: The End of the Habitable Zone 05:06: The brightening of the sun means the habitable zone has shifted outwards since the formation of the solar system.
	2017-12-13: The Origin of 'Oumuamua, Our First Interstellar Visitor 06:28: In planet formation models, lots of chunks of matter, and even some planets, get ejected from the relatively violent protoplanetary disk.
	2017-11-22: Suicide Space Robots 06:50: These small icy bodies are thought to carry many secrets of our solar system's formation.
	2017-10-25: The Missing Mass Mystery 10:44: In fact, this verifies that the epoch of star formation in our universe is far from over.
	2017-08-30: White Holes 12:33: If you own a business, they can help you with the right formation, plus provide you with many of the tools and resources you need to run it.
	2017-08-24: First Detection of Life 10:45: If you own a business, they can help you with the right formation, plus provide you with many of the tools and resources you need to run it.
	2017-08-16: Extraterrestrial Superstorms 11:01: If you own a business, they can help you with the right formation plus provide you with many of the tools and resources you need to run it.
	2017-05-31: The Fate of the First Stars 08:03: ... of the old universe, we expect that there were violent waves of star formation followed by cascades of supernova explosions, ripping through the first ...
	2017-05-10: The Great American Eclipse 09:04: If you own a business, they can help you with the right formation, plus provide you with many of the tools and resources you need to run it.
	2017-04-26: Are You a Boltzmann Brain? 05:16: ... "useful work" performed by that increase in entropy includes the formation of galaxies, stars, planets, Alan Tudyk-- indeed, the entire process of ...
	2017-04-05: Telescopes on the Moon 07:49: Lower gravity could facilitate the formation of large liquid mirrors, maybe up to 100 meters across.
	2017-03-01: The Treasures of Trappist-1 02:30: ... at different temperatures, planets' distance from the star during formation largely determines the planet's chemical ... 03:48: ... it may be that internal heat left over from formation and generated by tidal interactions with its star and the other planets ...
	2017-02-22: The Eye of Sauron Reveals a Forming Solar System! 03:20: The formation of planets itself is a fascinating process. 03:25: The leading formation model is core accretion, in which tiny granules are drawn together and clumped by static electricity. 06:26: It may actually be a much smaller planet, still wreathed in the dust of its formation. 03:25: The leading formation model is core accretion, in which tiny granules are drawn together and clumped by static electricity.
	2017-02-15: Telescopes of Tomorrow 02:23: This will provide another set of baby pictures, the formation of the very first stars and galaxies in our universe.
	2017-01-25: Why Quasars are so Awesome 07:29: As the first galaxies coalesced from this gas, the universe entered a long period of violent star formation. 07:54: Waves of star formation, followed by waves of supernovae.
	2016-10-19: The First Humans on Mars 09:43: You can learn something about the formation of a black hole from those properties.
	2016-10-12: Black Holes from the Dawn of Time 02:19: These density fluctuations were enough to kick-start the formation of galaxies, but certainly not enough to immediately collapse into black holes. 03:39: PBHs could have been formed at a few grams to tens of thousands of times the mass of the sun, depending on which formation model you go with.
	2016-10-05: Are We Alone? Galactic Civilization Challenge 00:33: ... factors include the rate of star formation in the Milky Way, the number of planets per star that could support ... 01:36: ... factors, as we push the fossil record back closer and closer to the formation of the Earth and we see just how quickly life arose ...
	2016-07-27: The Quantum Experiment that Broke Reality 11:12: Let's look at some of the comments from our episode on the role of Jupiter in the formation of our solar system.
	2016-07-20: The Future of Gravitational Waves 04:33: As we do so, we'll start to nail down the astrophysics of black hole formation and growth.
	2016-07-06: Juno to Reveal Jupiter's Violent Past 00:14: ... at least from our point of view, and it holds the secrets to the formation of the solar ... 00:50: In fact, its effect during the first billion years of the solar system's formation defines the positions of all planetary orbits. 03:58: At first, there was the gassy, dusty protoplanetary disk, and then a mess of asteroids and planetesimals left over from the formation of the planets. 04:29: Astrophysicists have run many computer simulations to find formation scenarios that lead to the configuration of planets that we see today. 04:39: There's more than one possibility, because we don't know exactly how the formation of planets started. 05:03: It combines two of the strongest contenders of formation models. 09:29: ... the solar system's formation really happened this way or by some completely different scenario, we ... 00:50: In fact, its effect during the first billion years of the solar system's formation defines the positions of all planetary orbits. 05:03: It combines two of the strongest contenders of formation models. 04:29: Astrophysicists have run many computer simulations to find formation scenarios that lead to the configuration of planets that we see today.
	2016-04-06: We Are Star Stuff 04:31: And all of that hydrogen and helium would later become the fuel for the later formation of stars.
	2016-02-24: Why the Big Bang Definitely Happened 05:46: ... colliding and merging with each other, rich in the raw materials of star formation but poor in the heavy elements released by generations of ...
	2016-02-11: LIGO's First Detection of Gravitational Waves! 06:13: ... produced by merging black holes and neutron stars, as well as the formation of neutron stars and supernova ...
	2015-12-09: How to Build a Black Hole 01:49: The formation of that core represents the end of exothermic fusion.
	2015-11-05: Why Haven't We Found Alien Life? 04:40: ... the very early Earth, zircons-- super hard silicate crystals whose formation can be dated precisely by the ratio of decaying uranium versus lead ... 09:33: ... that will ever form over the full past and future history of star formation in our universe, Earth is ...
	2015-02-11: What Planet Is Super Mario World? 05:12: Now, though the jury is still out, most models of planet formation also suggest that it's hard to have both a high g and a solid surface.

75 result(s) shown.

Help · About · Index