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	2022-08-24: What Makes The Strong Force Strong? 17:53: ... don’t actually exist, but instead are a calculation tool to describe fluctuation quantum fields, what does that mean for Hawking ...
	2022-08-17: What If Dark Energy is a New Quantum Field? 05:18: ... are problems with the explanation where dark energy is due to quantum fluctuations. For example, it’s actually very difficult to get the vacuum energy to be ... 07:31: ... a mechanism for accelerating expansion due being some other than quantum fluctuations. It’s because we know there must be one to explain cosmic inflation. This ... 05:18: ... are problems with the explanation where dark energy is due to quantum fluctuations. For example, it’s actually very difficult to get the vacuum energy to be ... 07:31: ... a mechanism for accelerating expansion due being some other than quantum fluctuations. It’s because we know there must be one to explain cosmic inflation. This ...
	2022-03-08: Is the Proxima System Our Best Hope For Another Earth? 20:12: ... at extremely early times to leave an imprint on the CMB- on the density fluctuations from the early ... 20:24: ... later development of large scale structure is defined by those density fluctuations, so in that sense cosmic strings could have influenced it - but not ... 20:12: ... at extremely early times to leave an imprint on the CMB- on the density fluctuations from the early ... 20:24: ... later development of large scale structure is defined by those density fluctuations, so in that sense cosmic strings could have influenced it - but not ...
	2022-02-10: The Nature of Space and Time AMA 00:03: ... vanished due to the event that caused the memory happening some weird fluctuation by chance then maybe that would feel like time was going backwards but ...
	2022-01-12: How To Simulate The Universe With DFT 16:50: I did see a paper that claimed we might be able see the high-frequency seismic fluctuations set up inside a star after a black hole passage.
	2021-12-20: What Happens If A Black Hole Hits Earth? 01:23: ... everywhere - matter was smoothly spread out with only tiny density fluctuations. And so gravity had no strongly preferred direction to collapse towards. ... 18:16: ... detect deviations from general relativity in the form of quantum fluctuations near the event horizon that might be amplified by gravitational lensing. ... 01:23: ... everywhere - matter was smoothly spread out with only tiny density fluctuations. And so gravity had no strongly preferred direction to collapse towards. ... 18:16: ... detect deviations from general relativity in the form of quantum fluctuations near the event horizon that might be amplified by gravitational lensing. ...
	2021-08-18: How Vacuum Decay Would Destroy The Universe 04:42: ... the value of a quantum field. This results in   fluctuations in the field strength that  can cause it to spontaneously ...
	2021-08-10: How to Communicate Across the Quantum Multiverse 00:53: ... these waves overlap to produce a fantastically complex bath of density fluctuations. A snapshot of particle positions in the room would reveal a hopeless ...
	2021-07-13: Where Are The Worlds In Many Worlds? 02:30: ... complex fluctuation at their collision seems to hold no record of the shapes of the incoming ...
	2021-06-16: Can Space Be Infinitely Divided? 09:58: ... scales, on the Planck scale you   get virtual spacetime fluctuations, and  even virtual black holes and wormholes - a   ...
	2021-05-25: What If (Tiny) Black Holes Are Everywhere? 08:56: Back then, the density fluctuations may have been strong enough to generate crazy numbers of tiny black holes.
	2021-05-19: Breaking The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 06:32: Quantum fluctuations result in a low level of noise - a flickering signal where you should see darkness. 06:44: ... quantum fluctuations in the phase of the laser beams are larger than the change in the arm ... 07:15: That would enable us to line up those waves more perfectly to reduce quantum fluctuations. 08:54: ... they’re recombined, they still have quantum fluctuations in the phase, but the fluctuations between the two beams are now ... 06:32: Quantum fluctuations result in a low level of noise - a flickering signal where you should see darkness. 06:44: ... quantum fluctuations in the phase of the laser beams are larger than the change in the arm ... 07:15: That would enable us to line up those waves more perfectly to reduce quantum fluctuations. 08:54: ... they’re recombined, they still have quantum fluctuations in the phase, but the fluctuations between the two beams are now ... 06:32: Quantum fluctuations result in a low level of noise - a flickering signal where you should see darkness.
	2021-04-13: What If Dark Matter Is Just Black Holes? 04:07: ... density fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background tell us that the gravity of dark ... 04:48: But the most mainstream mechanism is that they collapsed from density fluctuations. 05:03: ... fluctuations would have been much stronger at earlier times and perhaps strong enough ... 04:07: ... density fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background tell us that the gravity of dark ... 04:48: But the most mainstream mechanism is that they collapsed from density fluctuations. 05:03: ... fluctuations would have been much stronger at earlier times and perhaps strong enough ...
	2021-04-07: Why the Muon g-2 Results Are So Exciting! 09:14: There's roughly a one in 10,000 chance that random fluctuations could lead to that degree of difference just by chance. 10:35: It really was just a random statistical fluctuation. 11:00: The chance of randomly getting a 4.2 fluctuation is just a little over one in a 100,000. 09:14: There's roughly a one in 10,000 chance that random fluctuations could lead to that degree of difference just by chance.
	2021-02-24: Does Time Cause Gravity? 09:20: ... to the extremely energetic events during the inflationary epoch - fluctuations in the so-called inflaton field, or in the final decay of those ...
	2021-02-17: Gravitational Wave Background Discovered? 00:00: ... subtle correlations in the timing residuals between pulsars individual fluctuations in this background will result in a correlation across all pulsars in ...
	2020-11-18: The Arrow of Time and How to Reverse It 04:13: ... become more random. It’s a statistical effect - it’s possible for small fluctuations to happen, local drops in entropy, but the larger the system the less ... 06:52: The real-world situation represented by this diagram is called an entropy fluctuation. 08:11: ... Big Bang resulted from an insanely improbable, universe-sized entropy fluctuation. ... 04:13: ... become more random. It’s a statistical effect - it’s possible for small fluctuations to happen, local drops in entropy, but the larger the system the less ...
	2020-11-11: Can Free Will be Saved in a Deterministic Universe? 09:24: By the way, there's also evidence to indicate that brain activity utilizes the random fluctuations of neuronal activity to make certain decisions.
	2020-08-17: How Stars Destroy Each Other 06:03: ... the case of neutron star X-ray binaries, that fluctuation includes powerful flares, resulting from denser clumps of material ...
	2020-07-08: Does Antimatter Explain Why There's Something Rather Than Nothing? 09:19: ... even the strength of the coupling between the particles and the quantum fluctuations of the vacuum. Any difference in these properties in anti-matter versus ...
	2020-03-16: How Do Quantum States Manifest In The Classical World? 16:29: ... here is "possible future". Do the laws of physics allow an entropy fluctuation large enough to produce a new big bang? Could a random perfect alignment ...
	2020-01-27: Hacking the Nature of Reality 12:13: ... today - galaxies and galaxy clusters - as collapsed from quantum fluctuations in the extremely early ... 12:22: Those fluctuations sometimes caused by individual particles. 12:13: ... today - galaxies and galaxy clusters - as collapsed from quantum fluctuations in the extremely early ... 12:22: Those fluctuations sometimes caused by individual particles.
	2019-12-17: Do Black Holes Create New Universes? 07:16: ... that if a universe lasts forever then in the distant future, quantum fluctuations of that near vacuum will cause black holes to spontaneously appear - and ... 07:38: ... the biggest universes - more space means more chances for these quantum fluctuations. ... 07:56: ... extrapolated to the insanely long timescales required for these quantum fluctuations to ... 07:16: ... that if a universe lasts forever then in the distant future, quantum fluctuations of that near vacuum will cause black holes to spontaneously appear - and ... 07:38: ... the biggest universes - more space means more chances for these quantum fluctuations. ... 07:56: ... extrapolated to the insanely long timescales required for these quantum fluctuations to ...
	2019-12-09: The Doomsday Argument 11:05: ... you could be a momentary entropy fluctuation that caused a brain with exactly your current mental experience and ...
	2019-11-18: Can You Observe a Typical Universe? 08:21: ... low-entropy regions happened just by chance fluctuations from a high entropy state, then the lower the entropy the less ... 08:33: For example a fluctuation the size of a galaxy is insanely more likely than one the size of our observable universe. 08:40: It’s much easier to produce 100s of billions of galaxy-sized fluctuations than a single fluctuation of 100s of billions of galaxies. 08:48: ... planet - so there should be many more observers in small entropy fluctuations than in large ... 09:08: ... the assumption that our universe resulted from a simple random fluctuation in an otherwise high-entropy cosmos, the anthropic principle predicts ... 09:23: Apparently we aren’t, and so we can probably rule out a simple random entropy fluctuation as a sufficient explanation for our big bang. 09:32: ... we need extra physics: for example, we need the right initial density fluctuations to evolve and expand for the right amount of time, so that life may ... 08:21: ... low-entropy regions happened just by chance fluctuations from a high entropy state, then the lower the entropy the less ... 08:40: It’s much easier to produce 100s of billions of galaxy-sized fluctuations than a single fluctuation of 100s of billions of galaxies. 08:48: ... planet - so there should be many more observers in small entropy fluctuations than in large ... 09:32: ... we need extra physics: for example, we need the right initial density fluctuations to evolve and expand for the right amount of time, so that life may ...
	2019-09-03: Is Earth's Magnetic Field Reversing? 07:13: Well, actually ANY weak field – even random bits of field – for example thermal fluctuations - are enough to initiate this runaway effect.
	2019-08-19: What Happened Before the Big Bang? 07:01: ... ahead of others And that will lead to very small density and temperature fluctuations in the matter produced after ... 07:14: And we see those fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background. 07:19: These same fluctuations collapsed under their own gravity to become the first galaxies. 07:25: In fact, this is perhaps the best evidence we have that inflation is plausible, it can predict the pattern of temperature fluctuations in the CMB. 07:35: ... sizes on the sky and be evenly distributed in abundance with giant fluctuations as likely to occur as tiny ones and all physical sizes in between, and ... 07:53: But seeding all of the structure in our universe is probably the least impressive thing those quantum fluctuations did. 08:06: ... over large regions as the inflaton field decays As I mentioned, small fluctuations in the Inflaton field would lead to slight differences in when the ... 08:35: Such fluctuations would be extremely rare and so you wouldn't think they'd count for much, but remember, Inflation causes exponential expansion. 08:49: So, and up your fluctuation in a tiny patch of space would very quickly outgrow its surroundings; producing a new inflating region. 07:01: ... ahead of others And that will lead to very small density and temperature fluctuations in the matter produced after ... 07:14: And we see those fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background. 07:19: These same fluctuations collapsed under their own gravity to become the first galaxies. 07:25: In fact, this is perhaps the best evidence we have that inflation is plausible, it can predict the pattern of temperature fluctuations in the CMB. 07:35: ... sizes on the sky and be evenly distributed in abundance with giant fluctuations as likely to occur as tiny ones and all physical sizes in between, and ... 07:53: But seeding all of the structure in our universe is probably the least impressive thing those quantum fluctuations did. 08:06: ... over large regions as the inflaton field decays As I mentioned, small fluctuations in the Inflaton field would lead to slight differences in when the ... 08:35: Such fluctuations would be extremely rare and so you wouldn't think they'd count for much, but remember, Inflation causes exponential expansion. 07:19: These same fluctuations collapsed under their own gravity to become the first galaxies.
	2019-07-18: Did Time Start at the Big Bang? 11:12: ... to get a new universe out of an old one for example an extreme quantum fluctuation could initiate a new Big Bang given infinite time or The same amount of ... 11:36: ... moments physicists have a thing or two to say about that from quantum fluctuations from nothing - Stephen Hawking's timeless interpretation of internal ...
	2019-05-16: The Cosmic Dark Ages 02:52: ... stars formed around 150 million years after recombination when tiny fluctuations in density began to collapse under their own gravity. These stars were ...
	2019-04-24: No Dark Matter = Proof of Dark Matter? 00:03: ... the same as measured from the orbits the Cosmic Microwave Background fluctuations also give us a measurement of the relative amount of dark matter in the ...
	2019-03-06: The Impossibility of Perpetual Motion Machines 14:13: ... that galactic emission doesn't look anything like the CMB in the way it fluctuations, so it's pretty clear when we've subtracted it properly and only the CMB ... 15:22: Julio Toboso García points out that the method used to model the CMB fluctuations - multipole expansion - sounds a like Fourier Analysis. 14:13: ... that galactic emission doesn't look anything like the CMB in the way it fluctuations, so it's pretty clear when we've subtracted it properly and only the CMB ... 15:22: Julio Toboso García points out that the method used to model the CMB fluctuations - multipole expansion - sounds a like Fourier Analysis.
	2019-02-20: Secrets of the Cosmic Microwave Background 02:05: ... we model the early Universe as many overlapping layers of simple density fluctuations Each layer has fluctuations of a certain size defined by the mathematics ... 07:42: ... measuring tape Seriously, a standard ruler Spots of this size represent fluctuations that had time to collapse exactly once which means their size had to be ... 11:14: ... And finally we get to the other peaks which represent the smallest fluctuations These tell us about the dark matter Well more accurately they tell us ... 12:34: ... an insane wealth of information f rom what looks like random minuscule fluctuations in this faint noisy buzz So next time you hear the static of an untuned ... 02:05: ... oscillations it could execute if the result is a whole number then that fluctuation size will be at an extreme state either all in or all out at the moment of ... 07:42: ... measuring tape Seriously, a standard ruler Spots of this size represent fluctuations that had time to collapse exactly once which means their size had to be ... 11:14: ... And finally we get to the other peaks which represent the smallest fluctuations These tell us about the dark matter Well more accurately they tell us ... 12:34: ... an insane wealth of information f rom what looks like random minuscule fluctuations in this faint noisy buzz So next time you hear the static of an untuned ...
	2019-02-07: Sound Waves from the Beginning of Time 03:44: Now, in order for it to do anything interesting, We need one final ingredient: Density fluctuations. 03:51: ... teensy bit more matter here, or a teensy bit less there, These fluctuations probably were the remnants of random quantum fluctuations From when the ... 07:30: ... The story I just told you about the early development of these density fluctuations is far from the whole ... 07:47: Density everywhere oscillated with a rate of oscillation depending on the size of the initial fluctuation. 09:27: ... galaxies should mostly form in the centers of those primordial density fluctuations, where the dark matter was the most ... 03:44: Now, in order for it to do anything interesting, We need one final ingredient: Density fluctuations. 03:51: ... teensy bit more matter here, or a teensy bit less there, These fluctuations probably were the remnants of random quantum fluctuations From when the ... 07:30: ... The story I just told you about the early development of these density fluctuations is far from the whole ... 09:27: ... galaxies should mostly form in the centers of those primordial density fluctuations, where the dark matter was the most ...
	2019-01-09: Are Dark Matter And Dark Energy The Same? 11:39: Just quickly, the density fluctuations seen in the afterglow of the Big Bang reveal a universe that is spatially flat.
	2018-11-07: Why String Theory is Right 14:37: These fundamental forces are mediated by fluctuations in the quantum fields of the relevant forces. 14:44: ... fluctuations can be approximated as the sum of many virtual particles, but the ... 14:37: These fundamental forces are mediated by fluctuations in the quantum fields of the relevant forces. 14:44: ... fluctuations can be approximated as the sum of many virtual particles, but the ...
	2018-10-31: Are Virtual Particles A New Layer of Reality? 08:52: ... pairs popping into and out of existence, the so-called vacuum fluctuations or zero point ... 10:00: Or more to the point, do vacuum fluctuations produce actual particles when there's nothing else around? 08:52: ... pairs popping into and out of existence, the so-called vacuum fluctuations or zero point ... 10:00: Or more to the point, do vacuum fluctuations produce actual particles when there's nothing else around?
	2018-09-20: Quantum Gravity and the Hardest Problem in Physics 08:47: But I'll focus on the one that wrongly predicts these crazy fluctuations on the Planck scale.
	2018-09-12: How Much Information is in the Universe? 15:41: ... that a metaphor for quantum fluctuations in impossibly distant futures spontaneously generating a new big bang by ...
	2018-08-23: How Will the Universe End? 12:29: Or quantum fluctuations may spawn new universes from the void.
	2018-04-18: Using Stars to See Gravitational Waves 06:17: ... shifts could indicate tiny fluctuations in the fabric of space within the pulsar array volume due to the passage ...
	2018-04-11: The Physics of Life (ft. It's Okay to be Smart & PBS Eons!) 10:28: ... I guess that makes you a little eddy of order, a momentary fluctuation of interesting but ultimately, in service of the spread of disorder and ...
	2018-03-15: Hawking Radiation 03:17: And those fluctuations give us what we think of as virtual particles. 05:28: But he found that the close shave with the black hole disturbs the fundamental vibrational modes that define the fluctuations of the vacuum. 05:37: By the time this trajectory has found its way back out into flat space again, those fluctuations look like real particles. 03:17: And those fluctuations give us what we think of as virtual particles. 05:28: But he found that the close shave with the black hole disturbs the fundamental vibrational modes that define the fluctuations of the vacuum. 05:37: By the time this trajectory has found its way back out into flat space again, those fluctuations look like real particles.
	2018-01-10: What Do Stars Sound Like? 08:05: For example, we can map the currents of plasma and density fluctuations as they shift beneath the solar surface.
	2017-10-25: The Missing Mass Mystery 04:00: These speckles are fluctuations in density that would later collapse to become the galaxy clusters. 04:07: And by analyzing these fluctuations, we can figure out the relative abundance of baryons to dark matter. 05:08: ... radiation, gravity continued to do its work and collapse these faint fluctuations into gargantuan clusters of ... 04:00: These speckles are fluctuations in density that would later collapse to become the galaxy clusters. 04:07: And by analyzing these fluctuations, we can figure out the relative abundance of baryons to dark matter. 05:08: ... radiation, gravity continued to do its work and collapse these faint fluctuations into gargantuan clusters of ...
	2017-10-19: The Nature of Nothing 10:53: ... field theory, with its dependence on virtual particles and vacuum fluctuations, is one of the most successful theories in all of science, and yet it's ...
	2017-10-11: Absolute Cold 00:11: We'll always have quantum fluctuations to warm our chilly bones.
	2017-06-28: The First Quantum Field Theory 09:40: ... so-called hyperfine splitting or spins interacting with vacuum energy fluctuations in the lamb ...
	2017-06-21: Anti-Matter and Quantum Relativity 13:01: There are smaller cooler regions that are consistent with random fluctuations.
	2017-06-07: Supervoids vs Colliding Universes! 02:13: Although it's very smooth, the CMB does show lots of very tiny fluctuations in temperature. 02:22: We think that they came from random quantum fluctuations from the very first instant after the Big Bang. 03:06: Now, it's possible to explain the cold spot as just an unusually strong random fluctuation in the CMB. 02:13: Although it's very smooth, the CMB does show lots of very tiny fluctuations in temperature. 02:22: We think that they came from random quantum fluctuations from the very first instant after the Big Bang.
	2017-04-26: Are You a Boltzmann Brain? 07:45: ... a universe where structure results from entropy fluctuations, the vast majority of conscious experiences that ever occur should be ... 08:00: It sounds ridiculous, but it's the logical conclusion if we assume a Big Bang from entropy fluctuations. 09:37: And, in this case, there is no evidence that the Big Bang arose from a random fluctuation. 10:12: ... we don't blink out of existence in the next instant, as momentary fluctuations in the infinite chaos of a max-- maximally entropic space ... 07:45: ... a universe where structure results from entropy fluctuations, the vast majority of conscious experiences that ever occur should be ... 08:00: It sounds ridiculous, but it's the logical conclusion if we assume a Big Bang from entropy fluctuations. 10:12: ... we don't blink out of existence in the next instant, as momentary fluctuations in the infinite chaos of a max-- maximally entropic space ...
	2016-10-12: Black Holes from the Dawn of Time 02:19: These density fluctuations were enough to kick-start the formation of galaxies, but certainly not enough to immediately collapse into black holes. 02:29: Yet if we rewind time, those fluctuations must have been much stronger. 02:35: It's thought that these fluctuations originally formed when the entire observable universe was smaller than a single atom. 02:43: Back then, quantum fluctuations caused a sort of static fuzz across the minuscule cosmos. 02:50: There are several different stories for the initial size and growth of these fluctuations, and cosmic inflation certainly plays a role. 03:00: ... it's well within the possibility of many models that some of these fluctuations were, at some point in the early expansion, intense enough to resist the ... 02:19: These density fluctuations were enough to kick-start the formation of galaxies, but certainly not enough to immediately collapse into black holes. 02:29: Yet if we rewind time, those fluctuations must have been much stronger. 02:35: It's thought that these fluctuations originally formed when the entire observable universe was smaller than a single atom. 02:43: Back then, quantum fluctuations caused a sort of static fuzz across the minuscule cosmos. 02:50: There are several different stories for the initial size and growth of these fluctuations, and cosmic inflation certainly plays a role. 03:00: ... it's well within the possibility of many models that some of these fluctuations were, at some point in the early expansion, intense enough to resist the ... 02:43: Back then, quantum fluctuations caused a sort of static fuzz across the minuscule cosmos. 02:35: It's thought that these fluctuations originally formed when the entire observable universe was smaller than a single atom.
	2016-06-15: The Strange Universe of Gravitational Lensing 05:42: By measuring the time delay between fluctuations for those different paths, we can actually measure the path lengths.
	2016-06-08: New Fundamental Particle Discovered?? + Challenge Winners! 02:28: And it could have been the natural result of random fluctuations.
	2016-03-23: How Cosmic Inflation Flattened the Universe 01:29: We can use the apparent size of the very subtle fluctuations in the CMB to measure the flatness of the fabric of the universe, of spacetime.
	2016-02-24: Why the Big Bang Definitely Happened 05:16: Very, very tiny fluctuations that would let it collapse on themselves to form galaxies and clusters of galaxies. 05:23: ... process, the evolution from a smattering of tiny fluctuations to a network of giant galaxy clusters, is also evidence that the Big ... 06:16: We see ripples of sound waves in the pattern of those fluctuations. 06:21: The fancy name is baryon acoustic oscillations which cause ring-like clustering of the CMB fluctuations. 05:16: Very, very tiny fluctuations that would let it collapse on themselves to form galaxies and clusters of galaxies. 05:23: ... process, the evolution from a smattering of tiny fluctuations to a network of giant galaxy clusters, is also evidence that the Big ... 06:16: We see ripples of sound waves in the pattern of those fluctuations. 06:21: The fancy name is baryon acoustic oscillations which cause ring-like clustering of the CMB fluctuations.
	2015-10-22: Have Gravitational Waves Been Discovered?!? 01:39: ... in the right way, and you produce gravitational ripples-- an outflowing fluctuation of expanding and contracting ... 02:58: They propagate as a fluctuation of squeezed and stretched space in a sort of cross-like pattern. 06:08: Even quantum fluctuations in the photon rate causes noise.

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