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	2022-12-14: How Can Matter Be BOTH Liquid AND Gas? 18:17: ... refers to neutrinos that were created at around one second after the big bang, when the density became low enough for neutrinos to travel ...
	2022-11-23: How To See Black Holes By Catching Neutrinos 13:57: Today I want to give a very special thank you to Steffen Bendel who’s supporting us at the Big Bang level.
	2022-11-09: What If Humanity Is Among The First Spacefaring Civilizations? 00:25: We humans have been around for only a blink of an eye compared to the 13 billion years since the big bang. 16:22: Now today I want to give an extra special Patreon shoutout goes to Gautam Shine, who’s supporting us at the big bang level.
	2022-10-12: The REAL Possibility of Mapping Alien Planets! 15:45: ... constant to drop to its   minimum value of 1/137 after the Big Bang. First let me say that in the extremely early,   the 3 quantum ...
	2022-09-28: Why Is 1/137 One of the Greatest Unsolved Problems In Physics? 07:16: ... the insane energies right after the Big Bang, the coupling constant for the EM field - which was then joined with the ... 12:17: ... about it this way - if the constants of nature were set randomly at the big bang, and were set independently to each other -  then we wouldn’t ... 12:55: ... common mechanism that set the  values for the constants at the Big Bang. ...
	2022-09-21: Science of the James Webb Telescope Explained! 04:28: JWST is designed to catch that light and has already observed galaxies much closer to the Big Bang than ever before. 17:21: ... we astrophysicists just get on with business and discover the big bang, dark matter and dark energy, and figure out how the universe is going to ...
	2022-08-24: What Makes The Strong Force Strong? 15:50: ... Patreon shoutout goes to Gautam Shine, who’s supporting us at the Big Bang ...
	2022-08-17: What If Dark Energy is a New Quantum Field? 07:31: ... period of extreme exponential expansion that likely occurred during the big bang. That expansion must have been due to one or more quantum fields being in ... 15:05: ... give an extra special shoutout to Zachary Wilson, who’s supporting us at big bang level. Zachary, you are in many ways like quintessence Zachary you are ...
	2022-07-27: How Many States Of Matter Are There? 12:38: ... understand the behavior of physical systems - from the instant after the big bang to the behavior of crowds, and perhaps to the nature of the conscious ...
	2022-07-20: What If We Live in a Superdeterministic Universe? 15:19: Now today I want to give a special thanks to Adam Hillier, who's supporting us on Patreon at the big bang level.
	2022-06-30: Could We Decode Alien Physics? 14:09: ... shoutout goes to   Bryce Fort, who’s supporting us at the big bang level. Bryce, we realised it was selfish to just   sit waiting for ...
	2022-06-22: Is Interstellar Travel Impossible? 14:32: Today I want to give an extra special shoutout to Amy Hickman, who’s supporting us at the Big Bang level.
	2022-05-25: The Evolution of the Modern Milky Way Galaxy 03:22: ... hydrogen and helium   gas that filled the universe after the Big Bang.  It’s hard to see the galaxies in the first billion   years or ...
	2022-05-18: What If the Galactic Habitable Zone LIMITS Intelligent Life? 06:56: ... smooth cloud of particles   that filled the universe after the Big Bang. As  it cooled, our local lump started to pull itself   ...
	2022-05-04: Space DOES NOT Expand Everywhere 00:19: ... led us to the discovering of the beginning of the universe at the big bang, and lets us predict its future - it’ll probably expand forever, ... 09:38: ... universe and every single one of those points traces a path back to the big bang. We can make the starting grid as fine as we like and get the same ... 10:06: ... to the infinite future or past until they hit a singula,rity - the big bang or a black hole. As the universe expands, we don’t have new patches of ...
	2022-04-20: Does the Universe Create Itself? 10:30: ... his idea with a sketch of a giant “U”. On one side of the U is the big bang. As the universe expands, the line of the U gets thicker, until we reach ... 10:55: ... observations *now* cause the Big Bang *then*. Well, sort of. As Wheeler once wrote, “the past has no existence ... 14:02: ... give an extra special thanks to Mark Evans, who’s supporting us at the big bang level. Mark, in creating a universe or a show about the universe, every ... 14:50: ... fair as saying that the center of the universe and the location of the big bang are points in time in the past. So, they’re fair as long as you explain ... 14:02: ... give an extra special thanks to Mark Evans, who’s supporting us at the big bang level. Mark, in creating a universe or a show about the universe, every little ...
	2022-03-30: Could The Universe Be Inside A Black Hole? 00:25: But we know it must: at the centers of black holes and at the Big Bang. 00:36: Well it turns out that black holes and the Big Bang have more in common than vexing Einstein. 00:41: ... to ech other that have led some physicists to believe that the big bang is in fact the singularity of an absurdly gigantic black ... 01:30: ... singularity is the Big Bang, which we think of as a point in time at the beginning of the universe ... 01:43: From the Big Bang space expanded, and it’s still expanding. 02:46: ... seems to us to be a point of infinite density in space, while the big bang singularity is a time of infinite density that included all of ... 03:01: ... the big bang and black hole singularities do occupy all of space - the difference is ... 03:22: ... center of the universe, and also when we asked what happened before the big bang. ... 04:24: ... tracing the geodesic into the infinite future or all the way back to the Big Bang - it’s defined for all past and future times independently of the ... 04:49: All geodesics in the universe come together and terminate at the big bang. 04:53: We call the Big Bang a past, space-like singularity because it occupies all of space - in the past. 05:19: ... spacetime that lives beneath the event horizon in the same way that the big bang is the encompassing past for the for the outside universe. So the black ... 04:24: ... tracing the geodesic into the infinite future or all the way back to the Big Bang - it’s defined for all past and future times independently of the ... 05:19: ... past for the for the outside universe. So the black hole and the big bang singularities are starting to look more alike. With the difference being, their ... 02:46: ... seems to us to be a point of infinite density in space, while the big bang singularity is a time of infinite density that included all of ... 03:01: ... hole singularities do occupy all of space - the difference is that the big bang singularity exists in the past for all of space, while the black hole singularity ... 01:43: From the Big Bang space expanded, and it’s still expanding.
	2022-03-23: Where Is The Center of The Universe? 01:34: You might imagine that the center of the universe is the place where the Big Bang happened. 02:01: But the Big Bang isn’t an explosion emanating from one point in space. 02:20: In this picture the Big Bang isn’t something that happened at a single point in space, instead it happened everywhere at the same time. 02:30: Google “where is the center of the universe”, or “where did the big bang happen” and you’ll get this basic story for the first 50 pages. 06:52: That means we really CAN point to the location of the Big Bang - by pointing to the past. 07:49: It’s the same with our universe - point in any direction and you’re pointing at the Big Bang. 08:27: ... you can still point at the Big Bang by pointing in a random direction, because the line traced from you ... 09:09: ... literally no direction that you could point that would not intersect the Big Bang if traced backwards, and that’s true anywhere in the ... 09:19: ... say that the Big Bang is a past, space-like singularity - which means it occupies all space at ... 09:31: OK, so maybe the location of the Big Bang isn’t at one point in this universe. 09:36: But can we still say that the Big Bang happened at one point? 10:53: We might ask whether the Big Bang is a reverse black hole - also called a white hole. 06:52: That means we really CAN point to the location of the Big Bang - by pointing to the past. 02:30: Google “where is the center of the universe”, or “where did the big bang happen” and you’ll get this basic story for the first 50 pages. 01:34: You might imagine that the center of the universe is the place where the Big Bang happened. 09:36: But can we still say that the Big Bang happened at one point? 02:01: But the Big Bang isn’t an explosion emanating from one point in space. 02:20: In this picture the Big Bang isn’t something that happened at a single point in space, instead it happened everywhere at the same time. 09:31: OK, so maybe the location of the Big Bang isn’t at one point in this universe.
	2022-03-16: What If Charge is NOT Fundamental? 14:33: But today I want to give an extra special  thank you to David Taiclet, who's supporting us at the big bang level.
	2022-03-08: Is the Proxima System Our Best Hope For Another Earth? 16:02: And today I want to make a special shoutout to Daniel Alexiuc, who’s supporting us at the big bang level.
	2022-02-23: Are Cosmic Strings Cracks in the Universe? 00:00: ... of its quantum fields right after the   Big Bang very likely left vast topological  defects stretching across the ... 00:58: ... has cracks in it. Universe-spanning  filaments of ancient Big Bang energy,   formed from topological defects in the ...
	2022-02-16: Is The Wave Function The Building Block of Reality? 13:19: ... to give an extra special thanks to Ben Dimock who’s supporting us at the Big Bang Level. Ben there are many uncertainties in the world of physics. Is the ...
	2022-02-10: The Nature of Space and Time AMA 00:03: ... the size of the universe over a tiny fraction of a second um at the big bang uh which um makes space pretty darn stretchable i would say [Music] ...
	2022-01-19: How To Build The Universe in a Computer 07:52: The universe started as an ocean of gas a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang.
	2022-01-12: How To Simulate The Universe With DFT 14:18: And today I’d like to give a special shoutout to Peter Barrett, who’s supporting us on patreon at the big bang level.
	2021-11-17: Are Black Holes Actually Fuzzballs? 15:05: ... of one of our generous contributors, we want to give a very special Big Bang shoutout dedicated to the memory of Ernest H Anderson Jr. Earnest was a ...
	2021-10-20: Will Constructor Theory REWRITE Physics? 11:52: ... this show going. But today I want  to give a huge shoutout to our Big Bang supporter   Ari Paul. Ari, without your support, the  ...
	2021-10-13: New Results in Quantum Tunneling vs. The Speed of Light 13:32: But today I want to give a huge shoutout to our Big Bang supporter Henry Van Styn.
	2021-10-05: Why Magnetic Monopoles SHOULD Exist 14:13: Today I want to give a huge shoutout to our Big Bang supporter Kyle Bulloch.
	2021-09-15: Neutron Stars: The Most Extreme Objects in the Universe 00:00: ... - from the interiors of black holes to   the time before the big bang. But today I want to take you on a journey that has got to ... 12:23: ... in conditions like these was within a fraction of a second of the big bang. ...
	2021-09-07: First Detection of Light from Behind a Black Hole 14:25: ... both commented that the vacuum decay scenario sounds a lot like the big bang - what with it producing an expanding bubble full of energetic ... 14:39: In fact cosmic inflation - the event that many physicists put the bang in the big bang - IS a type of vacuum decay. 14:25: ... both commented that the vacuum decay scenario sounds a lot like the big bang - what with it producing an expanding bubble full of energetic ... 14:39: In fact cosmic inflation - the event that many physicists put the bang in the big bang - IS a type of vacuum decay.
	2021-08-18: How Vacuum Decay Would Destroy The Universe 04:00: ... That could happen, say, in an extreme energy environment like the big bang or near a black   hole or in a sufficiently large particle ...
	2021-08-03: How An Extreme New Star Could Change All Cosmology 14:14: ... extra special thank you goes to Charlie, who’s supporting us at the big bang level. Charlie, the fabric of space around us thrums with the ...
	2021-07-21: How Magnetism Shapes The Universe 06:45: ... microwave background - the ubiquitous radiation left over from the big bang. ...
	2021-07-07: Electrons DO NOT Spin 15:09: ... only increased over time, which implies it was at its minimum at the Big Bang, does that  mean there was no quantum entanglement at the Big Bang? ... 16:27: ... Hansen makes the same point, asking if  the conditions of the Big Bang meant everything started out entangled. You’d think so - but  ... 15:09: ... Big Bang? To answer this we’d need to know why entropy is so low at the Big Bang - and that’s one of the central mysteries of the universe. But, I’ll give ... 16:27: ... Hansen makes the same point, asking if  the conditions of the Big Bang meant everything started out entangled. You’d think so - but  that’s not ...
	2021-06-09: Are We Running Out of Space Above Earth? 13:42: And today’s extra-extra-special shoutout goes to Tiffany Poindexter, who’s supporting us at the big bang level.
	2021-05-25: What If (Tiny) Black Holes Are Everywhere? 08:03: ... the extreme energies and densities near the Big Bang, there are a few different ways to produce enormous numbers of black ... 08:48: This is the hypothetical time just when the universe was expanding exponentially quickly, and can be thought of as the bang in the big bang.
	2021-05-11: How To Know If It's Aliens 13:52: ... special Patreon shoutout goes to Leo Koguan, who's supporting us at the Big Bang level. Leo, as your special Big Bang Patreon reward we're going to ...
	2021-04-21: The NEW Warp Drive Possibilities 13:02: And today I want to give a special shoutout to Vinnie Falco, who is supporting us at the Big Bang level.
	2021-04-13: What If Dark Matter Is Just Black Holes? 04:53: ... in the cosmic microwave background from around 300,000 years after the big bang. ...
	2021-03-16: The NEW Crisis in Cosmology 04:42: ... was released only a few hundred thousand   years after the big bang, and carries with it vast information about the universe’s early ... 12:52: ... special shoutout goes to Sandy  Wu, who’s supporting us at the big bang level.   Sandy, these are such strange and ...
	2021-02-24: Does Time Cause Gravity? 09:10: ... Lora asks if I can elaborate on my comment “the time before the big bang” - which I mentioned in reference to a potential component of the ... 09:33: ... call this “before the big bang” because many physicists are moving away from the picture where you have ... 10:04: ... in that case the last instant of inflation IS the instant of the big bang, and gravitational Kinkusnacht asks whether gravitational waves can be ... 09:10: ... Lora asks if I can elaborate on my comment “the time before the big bang” - which I mentioned in reference to a potential component of the ...
	2021-02-17: Gravitational Wave Background Discovered? 00:00: ... remnants have been spinning and probably at or before the instant of the big bang insanely energetic events took place and all of these produce ...
	2021-01-26: Is Dark Matter Made of Particles? 10:33: ... idea is this: In the first fractions of a second after the Big Bang, particles and their antimatter counterparts would have been popping into ...
	2021-01-19: Can We Break the Universe? 12:36: But today's extra special thank you goes to Clinton Robinson who's supporting us at the big bang level.
	2020-12-15: The Supernova At The End of Time 02:39: ... a mere 13.7 billion years after the big bang, when one of these iron stars was in its extremely brief phase as a ... 12:10: Today I want to give a special thanks to Sean Maddox, who supports us at the Big Bang level.
	2020-12-08: Why Do You Remember The Past But Not The Future? 12:10: ... the universe were reversed - time ran backwards to the big bang, wouldn’t entropy appear to increase as all structure disassembled and ... 12:23: ... highlights a real mystery with the big bang theory The distribution of matter and energy in the early universe does ...
	2020-11-18: The Arrow of Time and How to Reverse It 01:38: ... those particles should perfectly retrace their steps, all the way to the Big Bang if you calculated that ... 07:17: ... - in fact an incredibly low entropy arrangement. That would be the Big Bang. Given that knowledge, it’s not surprising that entropy is increasing in ... 08:11: ... caused this initial special arrangement, this extreme density of the Big Bang and its corresponding ridiculously low entropy? This is actually an open ... 09:25: ... with a fun scenario. If entropy increases backwards in time before the big bang, does that mean time runs in reverse back then? Would that reverse Big ... 11:16: ... it doesn’t matter whether they were generated in our brains or in the big bang. The effect is the same: effective free will, in the sense that our ... 09:25: ... bang, does that mean time runs in reverse back then? Would that reverse Big Bang lead to a time-reversed ...
	2020-11-04: Electroweak Theory and the Origin of the Fundamental Forces 13:32: ... show that the singularities at the heart of the black hole and at the Big Bang are inevitable if you follow only general ... 14:10: ... the case of the black hole singularity, or the singularity of the big bang, it’s bad because it causes unreconciled conflicts with other physics - ...
	2020-10-27: How The Penrose Singularity Theorem Predicts The End of Space Time 09:31: ... backwards through our entire universe towards the Big Bang. Now at this point we’d known for 40   years that the universe ... 10:36: ... beyond this point - which suggested that time really started at the Big Bang. Hawking and   Penrose further developed these ideas ...
	2020-10-13: Do the Past and Future Exist? 13:01: And today's special shoutout goes to Marty Yudkovitz who's supporting us at the Big Bang level.
	2020-10-05: Venus May Have Life! 13:26: But today an extra big shoutout goes to Scott Gray who’s contributing at the Big Bang level - Scott, thank you so much.
	2020-09-21: Could Life Evolve Inside Stars? 03:04: These may have been formed soon after the Big Bang when massive phase transitions swept across the universe. 11:20: And while I'm talking Patreon, I have to give a gigantic shoutout to James Younger, who supports us at the Big Bang level.
	2020-09-08: The Truth About Beauty in Physics 09:42: ... resulting theory predicts black holes, gravitational waves, and even the big bang. ...
	2020-09-01: How Do We Know What Stars Are Made Of? 12:09: Mark supports us at the big bang level - which basically means we get to film the show, animate it, AND each lunch.
	2020-08-24: Can Future Colliders Break the Standard Model? 07:07: ... to achieve higher energies - energies even closer to the instant of the Big Bang, when the forces of nature were literally unified, as we’ve talked about ...
	2020-08-10: Theory of Everything Controversies: Livestream 00:00: ... do very well exist for example in the very early universe towards the big bang or in the center of black holes but also in principle every time we ...
	2020-07-28: What is a Theory of Everything: Livestream 00:00: ... times a second recreate the conditions of the universe after the big bang etc and we have and this is this huge jump into the unknown and you ...
	2020-07-20: The Boundary Between Black Holes & Neutron Stars 11:43: And finally I want to give an extra extra special thanks to Ahmad Jodeh, who’s supporting us at the big bang level.
	2020-06-30: Dissolving an Event Horizon 12:54: ... on to conformal cyclic cosmology, in which the big bang is hypothesized to be the rescaled infinite late-time forever of a ... 13:27: ... yes - Each new infinitessimally small Big Bang corresponds not to just the very, very large late time of the previous ... 15:14: ... and gravitational waves can pass the boundary from universe end to new big bang, and so there may be a way to send messages between these ... 13:27: ... yes - Each new infinitessimally small Big Bang corresponds not to just the very, very large late time of the previous universe, but ...
	2020-06-15: What Happens After the Universe Ends? 00:00: Our universe began in a state of ultimate heat and compression in what we call the big bang. 00:18: Like, what happened before the big bang? 00:45: ... is identically the SAME THING as the infinitesimal and instantaneous big bang of a new universe, and our universe is just one in an endless ... 01:31: Here, conformal is for the “conformal scaling” needed to turn your gigantic end of the universe into a tiny new big bang. 08:31: Kinetic energies were so high at the big bang that rest mass energy was completely negligible - all particles behaved like light-speed particles. 08:46: But that only works below a certain temperature - in the extreme temperatures of the Big Bang, the Higgs field could not grant mass. 10:12: Similarly, the infinitesimal or “zero-sized” point of the Big Bang can be rescaled into a finite space. 11:56: But Penrose insists that this does not explain the low entropy of the big bang. 12:01: ... Tod’s conformal transformation of the Big Bang singularity helped Penrose to demonstrate that the smallness of the ... 13:06: Wait infinite time and see if you find yourself in a big bang? 15:01: ... a special huge thank you to Caed Aldwych who supports us at the Big Bang level, Caed we’re inscribing your name on the Cosmic Microwave ... 12:01: ... Tod’s conformal transformation of the Big Bang singularity helped Penrose to demonstrate that the smallness of the entropy at the ... 12:40: For the daisy-chain-verse to give you low entropy big bangs, you need to actually clean the entropy slate between aeons.
	2020-05-18: Mapping the Multiverse 12:34: So if you do get to the inner horizon you are in a bath of energy on par with the Big Bang.
	2020-05-11: How Luminiferous Aether Led to Relativity 15:32: ... While we can’t see the tiniest of those spheres right after the big bang because the universe was opaque back then, Steve asks what was the ...
	2020-05-04: How We Know The Universe is Ancient 00:55: ... universe. There aren’t even any photons from the time right after the Big Bang. So today we go deeper into deep time to understand how we can possibly ... 03:24: ... hot, dense state, and expanded from there. Astronomers call this the big bang model of the universe. Now the name “big bang” was coined by the ... 04:40: ... mythic or religious traditions. Some have even tried to claim that the Big Bang is a validation of their tradition. Pope Pius XII certainly thought so. ... 13:45: ... an extra huge thank you to Radu Negulescu , who's supporting us at the big bang level. Radu as an official representative of both space and time, I want ... 04:40: ... Even doing that for a single galaxy gets us a rough estimate of when the Big Bang happened. However to accurately calculate the age of the universe this way you ... 13:45: ... an extra huge thank you to Radu Negulescu , who's supporting us at the big bang level. Radu as an official representative of both space and time, I want to ... 03:24: ... hot, dense state, and expanded from there. Astronomers call this the big bang model of the universe. Now the name “big bang” was coined by the astronomer ...
	2020-03-16: How Do Quantum States Manifest In The Classical World? 16:29: ... where the universe gets to a state of low entropy to produce another Big Bang? In other words - if all possible futures occur in Many Worlds, do some ...
	2020-02-18: Does Consciousness Influence Quantum Mechanics? 13:54: ... so the idea is that axions may have been produced in the big bang - and I mean right at the beginning - before the Higgs mechanism gave ... 14:45: If axions are dark matter then it would have to be the primordial axions - the ones formed in the big bang. 13:54: ... so the idea is that axions may have been produced in the big bang - and I mean right at the beginning - before the Higgs mechanism gave ...
	2020-02-11: Are Axions Dark Matter? 11:08: ... exist, are likely to have been produced in prodigious numbers in the Big Bang. That means there could be enough of them to explain the invisible source ...
	2020-01-06: How To Detect a Neutrino 08:14: ... ♪ a hypothetical physical process that may have occurred right after the Big Bang. ... 08:22: ♪ (𝘴𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘭𝘺 𝘧𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵) ♪ a hypothetical physical process that may have occurred right after the Big Bang. 09:42: ... tunnels, so comments will return after we find him." "Thanks to our Big Bang Supporters: Alexander Tamas Fabriee Eap Andrew & ...
	2019-12-17: Do Black Holes Create New Universes? 00:03: What if every single black hole that formed in our universe sparked the big bang of a new universe? 01:54: It goes like this: the formation of a black hole triggers the formation of a new universe “on the other side” in a new big bang. 06:30: That cooling is extremely slow if the gas only contains the hydrogen and helium produced in the big bang. 13:24: ... if you’ve already joined us, and today an extra special huge thanks to Big Bang supporter Craig Stonaha. Craig, as a small token of our appreciation ...
	2019-12-09: The Doomsday Argument 12:45: And today I wanted to give a huge shoutout thank you to John S, who's one of our Big Bang contibutors.
	2019-12-02: Is The Universe Finite? 00:22: Every time you walk out the door, light from the Big Bang strikes your face, enters your eyes. 01:25: ... that reverberated through the first few hundred thousand years after the big bang, only to be frozen in place as the universe ... 00:22: Every time you walk out the door, light from the Big Bang strikes your face, enters your eyes.
	2019-11-18: Can You Observe a Typical Universe? 05:40: The incredible density at the Big Bang was a highly ordered state. 08:15: This refined anthropic principle gets really interesting when applied to our low entropy big bang. 09:23: Apparently we aren’t, and so we can probably rule out a simple random entropy fluctuation as a sufficient explanation for our big bang. 13:27: ... let you know their thoughts are with you by sponsoring this video at the Big Bang ...
	2019-10-15: Loop Quantum Gravity Explained 01:16: ... down when we think about the extreme densities of the black hole or the big bang ... 13:52: Today I want to give an extra special thanks to David Barnholdt, a new Big Bang level supporter. 01:16: ... down when we think about the extreme densities of the black hole or the big bang singularities. ...
	2019-09-30: How Many Universes Are There? 00:24: ... across, and that’s just a small fraction of the stuff created in our Big Bang. ... 01:42: Within each bubble we get a new Big Bang that kicks off a more slowly expanding universe. 14:35: And one the subject of Patreon, I wanted to give a big, big thanks to Alexander Tamas, one o our big bang supporters.
	2019-09-23: Is Pluto a Planet? 14:45: And talking about Patreon - today I wanted to give a special shoutout to David Boyer, who's sponsoring us at the big bang level.
	2019-09-16: Could We Terraform Mars? 16:05: ... I'm going to cover two episodes: The episode "What Happened Before the Big Bang", in which we look at eternal inflation. As well as the episode on the ...
	2019-09-03: Is Earth's Magnetic Field Reversing? 12:43: ... like to thank Morgan Hough, for joining the ranks of the of the Big Bang contributors on ...
	2019-08-19: What Happened Before the Big Bang? 00:00: We actually have a pretty good idea of what might have happened before the Big Bang. 00:04: That is as long as you define 'The Big Bang' as the universe's early hot dense expanding state that's well described by Einstein's equations. 00:13: That picture of the Big Bang is very solid, down to about a trillionth of a second after the supposed beginning of time. 00:43: These days, the best accepted description of the time before the Big Bang is given by inflation theory. 00:58: This was the 'bang' in the Big Bang. 05:26: This gives us the expanding hot dense universe that we know and love in our Big Bang model. 10:33: ... time start at the Big Bang" and "What caused the Big Bang, the real physics of inflation" A couple ... 12:07: Some of you asked how our cosmic inflation episode explains what caused the Big Bang, which is what we claimed in the title. 12:15: ... the standard Big Bang Theory doesn't explain the initial expansion at all, it includes an ... 12:39: ... from but it does give a potential explanation for the 'bang' part of the Big Bang. ... 12:50: Dominic H quips "Did time start at the Big Bang? Let me guess depends on your definitions of "Did", "Time", "Start" and "Big Bang" " Ah... 13:17: ... the case of Big Bang, many scientists now mean the period of regular Hubble like expansion ... 12:50: Dominic H quips "Did time start at the Big Bang? Let me guess depends on your definitions of "Did", "Time", "Start" and "Big Bang" " Ah... 13:17: ... the case of Big Bang, many scientists now mean the period of regular Hubble like expansion that ... 05:26: This gives us the expanding hot dense universe that we know and love in our Big Bang model. 12:15: ... the standard Big Bang Theory doesn't explain the initial expansion at all, it includes an expansion ...
	2019-08-06: What Caused the Big Bang? 00:00: Every astronomy textbook tells us that soon after the Big Bang there was this period of exponentially accelerating expansion called Cosmic Inflation. 01:28: It puts the 'bang' in Big Bang. 10:50: In fact, this process would reheat the universe to the extreme energies that we expect existed right after the Big Bang. 10:59: ... this point, the universe should evolve as the rest of the Big Bang story predicts: An extremely hot dense ocean of matter and radiation ...
	2019-07-25: Deciphering The Vast Scale of the Universe 04:50: ... the universe is expanding, meaning it must once have started with the Big Bang. ...
	2019-07-18: Did Time Start at the Big Bang? 00:00: Thank you to LastPass for sponsoring PBS Digital Studios Our universe started with the Big Bang. 00:05: But only for the right definition of our universe and "started" for that matter. In fact, the Big Bang is probably nothing like what you were taught. 00:25: ... It's often said that the universe started with this singularity and the Big Bang is thought of as the explosive expansion that ... 01:02: And before the Big Bang singularity, well, they say that there was no 'before' because time and space simply didn't exist. 01:22: ... keep changing their minds - they don't know anything", or "the Big Bang Theory is just a theory" Let me be very clear, the evidence for a hot ... 01:56: ... that initial growth spurt solves a couple of the big problems with the Big Bang Theory, but it doesn't change the fact that Rewinding the expansion of ... 05:15: ... spatial dimensions for it to happen in At the same time we say the Big Bang happened Everywhere at once because even the tiniest fraction of a ... 06:02: ... having one big clock that Rewinds and then winks out of existence of the Big Bang or into existence if you're going forward No, you have to think about ... 07:22: ... geodesics end at the Big Bang singularity and their timelines end with them Or they start depending on ... 08:04: from the pure Einsteinian point of view It's meaningless to ask what happened before the Big Bang or after reaching the black hole Center? 08:14: ... you is wrong But it's important because the extreme weirdness of the Big Bang singularity is part of what tells us. It's wrong Any time you encounter ... 08:52: ... the crazy densities and temperatures of the Big Bang singularity, and just after, GR comes into terrible conflict with ... 09:30: and the timelines they embody through the Big Bang and out the other side If so, what do we find there? 09:52: ... larger continuously inflating space-time in that case before the Big Bang was a period of exponential expansion that could have lasted ... 11:12: ... old one for example an extreme quantum fluctuation could initiate a new Big Bang given infinite time or The same amount of time could lead to all ... 11:36: ... the black hole singularity Become the geodesics emerging from the new Big Bang singularity people love cyclic and regenerating universes They appeal to ... 05:15: ... spatial dimensions for it to happen in At the same time we say the Big Bang happened Everywhere at once because even the tiniest fraction of a second later ... 06:02: ... so each Geodesic tracks earlier and earlier times as it approaches the Big Bang infinite clocks rewinding toward zero and then they all converge and Then what? ... 01:02: And before the Big Bang singularity, well, they say that there was no 'before' because time and space simply didn't exist. 01:56: ... the beginning of the universe But before we kill the whole idea of the Big Bang singularity, we need to understand what we're killing What does it really mean for ... 05:15: ... at the same time from that singularity. But what happens to time at the Big Bang singularity? ... 06:02: ... the same as saying that all geodesics in the universe converge at the Big Bang singularity In the same way all lines of longitude converge at the North Pole so ... 07:22: ... geodesics end at the Big Bang singularity and their timelines end with them Or they start depending on how you ... 08:14: ... you is wrong But it's important because the extreme weirdness of the Big Bang singularity is part of what tells us. It's wrong Any time you encounter a ... 08:52: ... the crazy densities and temperatures of the Big Bang singularity, and just after, GR comes into terrible conflict with quantum mechanics ... 11:36: ... the black hole singularity Become the geodesics emerging from the new Big Bang singularity people love cyclic and regenerating universes They appeal to our sense ... 01:22: ... keep changing their minds - they don't know anything", or "the Big Bang Theory is just a theory" Let me be very clear, the evidence for a hot dense ... 01:56: ... that initial growth spurt solves a couple of the big problems with the Big Bang Theory, but it doesn't change the fact that Rewinding the expansion of the ...
	2019-06-20: The Quasar from The Beginning of Time 05:43: ... after the Big Bang, when things had cooled down a bit, the universe was filled with hydrogen ...
	2019-06-17: How Black Holes Kill Galaxies 01:35: ... how galaxies formed in short, Small Galaxies collapse from the gas of Big Bang then they smash together to make bigger galaxies this is 'Bottom up ... 04:05: ... we've seen quasars shining out from less than a Billion years after the Big bang with masses of 10 Billion suns Easily as large as the largest in the ... 07:21: ... universe after the first stars formed around 150 million years after the big bang the rate of star formation across the Universe slowly rose it became ...
	2019-05-16: The Cosmic Dark Ages 01:34: ... electrons - in other words, ionized - in the searing heat left by the Big Bang. After 400,000 years of expansion things had cooled down enough for ... 05:45: ... in the first place. They formed around 150 million years after the Big Bang, ending the dark ...
	2019-05-01: The Real Science of the EHT Black Hole 11:22: ... the life of the late, great Hawking, as well as everything from the Big Bang to Black ...
	2019-03-28: Could the Universe End by Tearing Apart Every Atom? 14:05: ... to exponential particle production, which ends up looking like a new Big Bang. ...
	2019-02-20: Secrets of the Cosmic Microwave Background 00:08: ... delved into its nature before from its formation 38,000 years after the Big Bang to its 1964 discovery by Penzias and Wilson with the Holmdel Horn ... 01:34: ... result from tiny variations in the density of matter right after the big bang which evolved as colossal sound waves reverberated through the first few ... 02:05: ... leads to a really powerful prediction Over the 380,000 years between the Big Bang and Recombination each of our simple oscillations did its thing Sound ...
	2019-02-07: Sound Waves from the Beginning of Time 01:46: ... and the lightest of nuclei forged in the first minutes after the Big Bang, and still so hot that no atoms could form, and electrons buzzed free of ... 04:02: And now that they've expanded enormously by cosmic inflation in the beginning instant of the Big Bang.
	2019-01-24: The Crisis in Cosmology 01:51: ...from the Big Bang to its final fate. 06:28: ...of all the gravitational influences that affected that expansion since the Big Bang. 07:12: Released around 400,000 years after the Big Bang,...
	2019-01-09: Are Dark Matter And Dark Energy The Same? 09:31: ... of the sine wave where the universe is expanding from zero time – the big bang - slowing down towards the first peak and then collapsing ... 11:39: Just quickly, the density fluctuations seen in the afterglow of the Big Bang reveal a universe that is spatially flat. 09:31: ... of the sine wave where the universe is expanding from zero time – the big bang - slowing down towards the first peak and then collapsing ... 11:39: Just quickly, the density fluctuations seen in the afterglow of the Big Bang reveal a universe that is spatially flat.
	2018-10-10: Computing a Universe Simulation 10:16: So maybe they processed 10 to the 90 ops since the big bang.
	2018-09-20: Quantum Gravity and the Hardest Problem in Physics 04:38: ... like the central singularity of the black hole or at the instant of the Big Bang. ... 15:36: youteub akount asks whether the universe has ever been in a state of too much information in too little space, particularly during the Big Bang.
	2018-09-12: How Much Information is in the Universe? 06:17: Neutrinos and photons formed in the big bang are probably a billion times more abundant than protons. 15:41: ... in impossibly distant futures spontaneously generating a new big bang by pure chance, or do you mean that while we're waiting through the ...
	2018-08-23: How Will the Universe End? 03:40: There'll be no evidence of a universe beyond the local galaxy and no evidence that there was ever a Big Bang.
	2018-05-23: Why Quantum Information is Never Destroyed 00:07: If you have perfect knowledge of every single particle in the universe, can you use the laws of physics to rewind all the way back to the Big Bang? 12:17: Radiation, including photons and neutrinos, dominated the energy density until around 50,000 years after the Big Bang.
	2018-05-16: Noether's Theorem and The Symmetries of Reality 10:03: And this week, an extra huge shout out to "Big Bang" supporter Fabrice Eap.
	2018-04-18: Using Stars to See Gravitational Waves 01:47: Perhaps we've observed the merging of primordial black holes formed in the instant after the Big Bang. 05:12: Or even from the instant after the Big Bang, when the speculative graviton decoupled from the other fundamental forces. 06:39: This may be the only way we can look directly at the instant after the Big Bang.
	2018-04-11: The Physics of Life (ft. It's Okay to be Smart & PBS Eons!) 10:06: In the case of life, the original source of extreme low entropy is the Big Bang itself.
	2018-03-21: Scientists Have Detected the First Stars 03:55: The wavelength range of the dip corresponds to the epoch between 180 to 270 million years after the Big Bang.
	2018-01-17: Horizon Radiation 12:15: ... and an extra huge thank you to Anton Lifshits, whose support at the big bang level is really helping to keep the annihilation operators at ...
	2017-10-25: The Missing Mass Mystery 00:09: The missing baryon problem put into question understanding of the physics of the Big Bang. 03:07: For example, in the first several minutes after the Big Bang, hydrogen fused into deuterium and helium. 03:44: It's the light released at the moment the first atoms formed nearly 400,000 years after the Big Bang. 10:10: ... so wrong, then it would mean the our understanding of the physics of the Big Bang was seriously ... 03:07: For example, in the first several minutes after the Big Bang, hydrogen fused into deuterium and helium.
	2017-09-28: Are the Fundamental Constants Changing? 12:23: ... to give a big shout out to Richard Sinegor, who's contributing at the big bang ...
	2017-09-13: Neutron Stars Collide in New LIGO Signal? 14:53: I said that the Big Bang is mathematically similar to a white hole, except that it doesn't possess a singularity. 15:00: What I mean by that is that the Big Bang happened everywhere at once, not at an infinitesimal point in space. 15:07: The origin of all space is the Big Bang, and so all space came into being in that event. 15:13: Now, we can imagine both the white hole and the earliest instant of the Big Bang as possessing infinite or at least extremely high density. 15:21: But for the Big Bang, that density is everywhere, not concentrated at a single point, as in the case of the white hole. 15:00: What I mean by that is that the Big Bang happened everywhere at once, not at an infinitesimal point in space.
	2017-08-30: White Holes 10:18: ... been speculated that the Big Bang itself came from such a profoundly improbable entropy dip, and as it ... 10:43: The difference between the Big Bang and a white hole is that the former possesses no singularity. 11:08: ... takes it a step further to suggest that the resulting white hole is the Big Bang of a new baby universe and that, in fact, our universe formed that ...
	2017-08-02: Dark Flow 08:32: In the earliest instance of the Big Bang, the observable universe was compressed into a subatomic scale.
	2017-07-19: The Real Star Wars 13:58: And today, I want to give a special huge thanks to Big Bang contributor Joshua Davis.
	2017-07-12: Solving the Impossible in Quantum Field Theory 12:33: This week, we'd like to give an extra big thanks to Eugene Lawson, who's contributing at the Big Bang level.
	2017-07-07: Feynman's Infinite Quantum Paths 14:16: Up to around a millionth of a second after the Big Bang, the universe was hot enough for photons to be continuously forming matter-antimatter pairs.
	2017-06-07: Supervoids vs Colliding Universes! 01:37: It's the light that was released at the moment that the first atoms formed 380,000 years after the Big Bang. 02:22: We think that they came from random quantum fluctuations from the very first instant after the Big Bang. 12:10: Last week we talked about the mysterious population three stars, the very first generation of stars that appeared soon after the Big Bang.
	2017-05-31: The Fate of the First Stars 00:05: Soon after the Big Bang, the first generation of monstrously large stars ignited, lit up the universe, and then died. 00:45: See, the sun and all stars are made of the raw material forged in the heat of the Big Bang itself-- hydrogen and helium, mostly. 02:32: ... pristine hydrogen and helium gas that filled the universe soon after the Big Bang. ...
	2017-05-17: Martian Evolution 12:25: ... a special huge thanks to Samuel Dean Jacintho, whose contribution at the big bang level is being used to fund a top secret genetic engineering ...
	2017-05-03: Are We Living in an Ancestor Simulation? ft. Neil deGrasse Tyson 00:49: ... articles about the possibility of us being part of a simulation and the Big Bang being just the seeding event of such a ... 14:20: ... brain is vastly more probable than the pseudo random assembly of a big bang. ... 08:01: ... current experience of the world than for particles to randomly produce big bangs. ...
	2017-04-26: Are You a Boltzmann Brain? 04:57: Such an arrangement would give us the Big Bang. 05:00: It's not known whether the big bang originated as a low-entropy dip in an otherwise high-entropy universe. 05:08: But, however it happened, entropy was extremely low at the instant of the Big Bang, and it's been increasing ever since. 08:00: It sounds ridiculous, but it's the logical conclusion if we assume a Big Bang from entropy fluctuations. 09:37: And, in this case, there is no evidence that the Big Bang arose from a random fluctuation. 09:43: Pondering the cause of the extremely low-entropy Big Bang is probably more useful than wondering whether you existed a second ago. 09:37: And, in this case, there is no evidence that the Big Bang arose from a random fluctuation. 05:00: It's not known whether the big bang originated as a low-entropy dip in an otherwise high-entropy universe.
	2017-04-05: Telescopes on the Moon 10:22: And an especially big thank you to Shane Robinson, who just joined us at the Big Bang level.
	2017-02-02: The Geometry of Causality 11:32: And an extra, extra thanks to David Nicholas, who's supporting us at the big bang level.
	2017-01-25: Why Quasars are so Awesome 07:21: The first quasars turned on in a very young universe that was still thick with the raw hydrogen gas produced in the Big Bang. 08:52: A few billion years after the Big Bang, when the universe was around a quarter of its current age, both starbursts and quasars started to dwindle.
	2017-01-19: The Phantom Singularity 12:30: Today, a special shout out to Henry van Styn, who is supporting us at the Big Bang level.
	2016-12-08: What Happens at the Event Horizon? 12:25: First, a huge thank you to our first Patreon supporter at the Big Bang level.
	2016-11-16: Strange Stars 04:05: ... the entire universe until around a millionth of a second after the Big Bang, the Quark ... 06:39: At less than a billionth of a second after the Big Bang, the fundamental forces of nature were not as we know them today.
	2016-11-09: Did Dark Energy Just Disappear? 11:23: ... sure it happened even more quickly in a separate episode soon after the big bang in the event we call "cosmic inflation." So this is a thing that seems ...
	2016-10-26: The Many Worlds of the Quantum Multiverse 07:21: ... worlds that contain all possible realizations of this universe since the Big Bang. ...
	2016-10-19: The First Humans on Mars 08:56: ... black holes formed in the insanely dense conditions right after the Big Bang and that these might still be around ...
	2016-10-12: Black Holes from the Dawn of Time 00:03: In the very first instant after the Big Bang, the density of matter was so great everywhere that vast numbers of black holes may have formed. 01:05: In fact, soon after the Big Bang, the density of the universe was vastly higher. 02:11: The universe was very slightly lumpy at the moment the CMB was created, about 400,000 years after the Big Bang. 03:16: Some highly speculative Big Bang physics also predicts primordial black holes.
	2016-08-10: How the Quantum Eraser Rewrites the Past 11:28: However, there's a theoretical type of black hole, so-called primordial black holes, which may have formed in the first instance after the Big Bang.
	2016-06-08: New Fundamental Particle Discovered?? + Challenge Winners! 01:21: So a tiny spot for a tiny instant resembles the state of the universe at a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang.
	2016-05-25: Is an Ice Age Coming? 13:37: The radiation-dominated era ended around 50,000 years after the Big Bang.
	2016-04-06: We Are Star Stuff 02:51: ... of quarks that found each other about a millionth of a second after the Big Bang and have been together ever ... 03:28: ... about 20 minutes after the Big Bang, the entire universe was hot and dense enough for nuclear fusion, for ...
	2016-03-23: How Cosmic Inflation Flattened the Universe 00:00: [MUSIC PLAYING] Cosmic inflation describes a period of insane exponential expansion right after the instant of the Big Bang. 00:15: [MUSIC PLAYING] The Big Bang theory describes the earliest epochs of our universe amazingly well. 04:21: Both seem strange if we assume that regular gravity was always the only force affecting the rate of expansion after the initial kick of the Big Bang. 09:13: With inflation, the Big Bang theory takes on new meaning. 09:17: When first conceived, the inflationary period was thought to have started at a particular point after the instant of the Big Bang. 09:48: In that sense, inflation is the initial kick of the Big Bang. 09:58: Time may not have begun with the Big Bang. 00:15: [MUSIC PLAYING] The Big Bang theory describes the earliest epochs of our universe amazingly well. 09:13: With inflation, the Big Bang theory takes on new meaning.
	2016-03-16: Why is the Earth Round and the Milky Way Flat? 11:04: In our recent episode, we talked about some of the outstanding issues in the Big Bang Theory. 11:28: See, the Big Bang didn't happen as a sudden presence of energy at some point. 12:00: ... radiation today, given that it was all emitted by a single point at the Big Bang?" Well, the answer to this is related to the ... 12:12: The Big Bang happened everywhere, not at a single point. 11:28: See, the Big Bang didn't happen as a sudden presence of energy at some point. 12:12: The Big Bang happened everywhere, not at a single point. 11:04: In our recent episode, we talked about some of the outstanding issues in the Big Bang Theory.
	2016-03-09: Cosmic Microwave Background Challenge 00:05: ... been talking about the Big Bang theory a lot recently, and the most important piece of evidence for this ...
	2016-03-02: What’s Wrong With the Big Bang Theory? 00:10: The Big Bang Theory suggests that once the entire universe was compacted into an infinitely small speck at the beginning of time. 00:26: [MUSIC PLAYING] In the last episode, I showed you why the Big Bang Theory is right, or at least, what parts of it pretty much definitely happened. 02:42: Yep, we can simulate the instant just after the Big Bang. 08:31: ... fact, inflation solves a number of vexing problems with the Big Bang Theory so well, in fact that most cosmologists accept that something ... 08:50: And some of them actually call into question our understanding of that very first instant of the Big Bang. 08:56: ... this sense, it may be more accurate to think of the Big Bang Theory not as a theory of the origin of the universe, but instead as a ... 09:15: However, as with every really well-established theory, there are boundaries to what the Big Bang Theory currently explains. 09:34: Or perhaps that question will take us far beyond the Big Bang. 09:48: In the last episode, we laid out the evidence for why the Big Bang definitely happened. 12:16: So it's unfortunate that this statement is used to deride the Big Bang Theory. 12:21: The Big Bang describes a series of events that happened to the universe following its existence in an extremely hot, dense state. 12:42: But the Big Bang Theory as it stands does not claim to explain such an origin. 12:21: The Big Bang describes a series of events that happened to the universe following its existence in an extremely hot, dense state. 00:10: The Big Bang Theory suggests that once the entire universe was compacted into an infinitely small speck at the beginning of time. 00:26: [MUSIC PLAYING] In the last episode, I showed you why the Big Bang Theory is right, or at least, what parts of it pretty much definitely happened. 08:31: ... fact, inflation solves a number of vexing problems with the Big Bang Theory so well, in fact that most cosmologists accept that something like this ... 08:56: ... this sense, it may be more accurate to think of the Big Bang Theory not as a theory of the origin of the universe, but instead as a theory ... 09:15: However, as with every really well-established theory, there are boundaries to what the Big Bang Theory currently explains. 12:16: So it's unfortunate that this statement is used to deride the Big Bang Theory. 12:42: But the Big Bang Theory as it stands does not claim to explain such an origin.
	2016-02-24: Why the Big Bang Definitely Happened 00:00: Our universe started with the Big Bang, or did it? 00:11: ... PLAYING] The Big Bang theory was pretty contentious when it was first proposed, as is any ... 00:27: ... these days, there's really no doubt that at some level, the Big Bang theory gives an accurate description of the earliest epochs of this ... 01:04: ... Big Bang theory is a set of descriptions detailing the expansion of the universe ... 02:36: ... point, a singularity at time t equals 0, the hypothetical instant of the Big Bang. ... 04:49: So at least that far back in time, the Big Bang theory is right. 05:23: ... to a network of giant galaxy clusters, is also evidence that the Big Bang picture is ... 06:29: ... the Big Bang theory is right, then those ripples should have been frozen into the ... 06:47: But all of this only gets us back to 400,000 years after the Big Bang. 07:15: ... Big Bang theory tells us how long these elements were baked and at what ... 07:31: The Big Bang theory has powerful, direct evidence, almost down to the first second. 08:32: Some are also imprinted in the cosmic microwave background, and they may lead us back to the instant of the Big Bang itself. 05:23: ... to a network of giant galaxy clusters, is also evidence that the Big Bang picture is ... 00:11: ... PLAYING] The Big Bang theory was pretty contentious when it was first proposed, as is any picture of ... 00:27: ... these days, there's really no doubt that at some level, the Big Bang theory gives an accurate description of the earliest epochs of this ... 01:04: ... Big Bang theory is a set of descriptions detailing the expansion of the universe from a ... 04:49: So at least that far back in time, the Big Bang theory is right. 06:29: ... the Big Bang theory is right, then those ripples should have been frozen into the ... 07:15: ... Big Bang theory tells us how long these elements were baked and at what temperature, and ... 07:31: The Big Bang theory has powerful, direct evidence, almost down to the first second.
	2016-02-03: Will Mars or Venus Kill You First? 08:54: ... imagine a clock that magically appeared at the moment of the Big Bang and somehow survived all of that high-energy craziness, then somehow ... 09:16: ... been around 13.8 billion years worth of interaction and change since the Big Bang for things in our reference ... 09:38: Vlad Tchompalov asks whether all world lines converge at the Big Bang. 09:46: ... you're willing to project the Big Bang model back far enough, then any two world lines in the universe will ...
	2016-01-06: The True Nature of Matter and Mass 10:00: And it's believed that this was the case in the fraction of a second after the big bang.
	2015-03-25: Cosmic Microwave Background Explained 02:51: To answer that and to see why space used to be orange, we need to turn the clock back to about 400,000 years after the Big Bang, give or take.
	2015-03-04: Should We Colonize Venus Instead of Mars? 06:56: Inflation refers to a very specific expansion of space that occurred in just the first few instances after The Big Bang.
	2015-02-25: How Do You Measure the Size of the Universe? 04:34: That is the Big Bang. 04:47: Imagine that seconds after the Big Bang happens, every raisin emits a beam of light that can then travel without hitting any obstacles.

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